Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34589791›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2021

Neuromodulation of innate immunity by remote ischaemic conditioning in humans: Experimental cross-over study.

Shaun M May, Eric Chiang, Anna Reyes, Gladys Martir, Amour Patel, Shamir Karmali, Sanjiv Patel, Simeon West, Ana Gutierrez Del Arroyo, Alexander V Gourine and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07394647 (Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Preventing Emergence Agitation and Delirium After Pediatric Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07394647 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Preventing Emergence Agitation and Delirium After Pediatric Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Interventional Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled120ConditionsEmergence Agitation, Emergence DeliriumArmsActive taVNS Group, Sham stimulation group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Neuroadaptive Biochemical Mechanisms of Remote Ischemic Conditioning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shaun M MayWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Eric ChiangWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Anna ReyesUniversity College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
Gladys MartirUniversity College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
Amour PatelWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Shamir KarmaliWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Sanjiv PatelUniversity College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
Simeon WestUniversity College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
Ana Gutierrez Del ArroyoWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Alexander V GourineCentre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, UK.
Gareth L AcklandWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Queen Mary University of London · GBUniversity College Hospital · GBUniversity College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Experimental animal studies on the mechanisms of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC)-induced cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury demonstrate involvement of both neuronal and humoral pathways. Autonomic parasympathetic (vagal) pathways confer organ protection through both direct innervation and/or immunomodulation, but evidence in humans is lacking. During acute inflammation, vagal release of acetylcholine suppresses CD11b expression, a critical β2-integrin regulating neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium and transmigration to sites of injury. Here, we tested the hypothesis that RIC recruits vagal activity in humans and has an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing neutrophil CD11b expression. Participants (age:50 ​± ​19 years; 53% female) underwent ultrasound-guided injection of local anaesthetic within the brachial plexus before applying 3 ​× ​8 min cycles of brachial artery occlusion using a blood pressure cuff (RIC

Indexed as

Autonomic nervous systemHeart rate variabilityInflammationNeutrophilRemote ischaemic conditioningVagus

Identifiers

PMID34589791
PMCPMC8417773
OpenAlexW3185678210

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.