ReviewBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2021
The poly(I:C)-induced maternal immune activation model; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cytokine levels in the offspring.
Review in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Developmental origins of immune function: Maternal prenatal mood is associated with infant immune cell gene expression.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Developmental modulation of schizophrenia risk gene methylation in offspring exhibiting cognitive deficits following maternal immune activation.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- THC and CBD differentially modulated gut microbiota in the Poly I:C rat model of schizophrenia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-27 is antiviral against Zika virus at the maternal-fetal interface.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Gestational hypothyroxinemia causes an inflammatory environment at maternal-fetal tissues and fetal brain with impaired hippocampal dendritic spine maturation in the offspring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Prenatal Microglial Activation and Its Sex Differences in the Development of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lysozyme Amyloid for Synthetic RNA Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Interleukin-27 is antiviral at the maternal-fetal interface.Research square · 2025Article
- CB1 and CB2 receptors differentially modulate the cognitive impact of maternal immune activation and perinatal cannabinoid exposure.Behavioural brain research · 2025Article
- Dysregulation of the mTOR-FMRP pathway and synaptic plasticity in an environmental model of ASD.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Inhibition of BET proteins modulates amyloid-beta accumulation and cognitive performance in middle-aged mice prenatally exposed to maternal immune activation.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Physiological roles of embryonic microglia and their perturbation by maternal inflammation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- The fetal programming effect of maternal immune activation (MIA) on the offspring's immune system.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Fetal brain response to maternal inflammation requires microglia.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Inhibition of NKCC1 Ameliorates Anxiety and Autistic Behaviors Induced by Maternal Immune Activation in Mice.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Pitfalls and potential: Translating the two-hit model of early life stress from pre-clinical non-human experiments to human samples.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Maternal immune activation and role of placenta in the prenatal programming of neurodevelopmental disorders.Neuronal signaling · 2023Review
- Influence of Immune System Abnormalities Caused by Maternal Immune Activation in the Postnatal Period.Cells · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The maternal polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) animal model is frequently used to study how maternal immune activation may impact neuro development in the offspring. Here, we present the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of maternal poly(I:C) injection on immune mediators in the offspring and provide an openly accessible systematic map of the data including methodological characteristics. Pubmed and EMBASE were searched for relevant publications, yielding 45 unique papers that met inclusion criteria. We extracted data on immune outcomes and methodological characteristics, and assessed the risk of bias. The descriptive summary showed that most studies reported an absence of effect, with an equal number of studies reporting an increase or decrease in the immune mediator being studied. Meta-analysis showed increased IL-6 concentrations in the offspring of poly(I:C) exposed mothers. This effect appeared larger prenatally than post-weaning. Furthermore, poly(I:C) administration during mid-gestation was associated with higher IL-6 concentrations in the offspring. Maternal poly(I:C) induced changes in IL-1β, Il-10 and TNF-α concentrations were small and could not be associated with age of offspring, gestational period or sampling location. Finally, quality of reporting of potential measures to minimize bias was low, which stresses the importance of adherence to publication guidelines. Since neurodevelopmental disorders in humans tend to be associated with lifelong changes in cytokine concentrations, the absence of these effects as identified in this systematic review may suggest that combining the model with other etiological factors in future studies may provide further insight in the mechanisms through which maternal immune activation affects neurodevelopment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.