ArticleBioMed research international2021
Noncompliance with the WHO's Recommended Eight Antenatal Care Visits among Pregnant Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis.
Article in BioMed research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal and neonatal health service access and utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa (2015-2023): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC health services research · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Compliance with WHO-recommended eight+ antenatal care contacts among adolescent and young mothers in Kenya: policy implications from the 2022 Kenya demographic health survey.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Utilization of antenatal care services among pregnant women in an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Multi-dimensional poverty and maternal care utilization in Nigeria.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- From visit counts to quality care: A qualitative study on early implementation of a new model for antenatal care in Kavre district, Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Utilisation of eight antenatal care contacts among adolescent and adult mothers at a referral hospital in Western Kenya: a comparative cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Compliance with WHO-recommended ≥8 antenatal contacts and associated factors among women at primary health facilities in Mbarara district, Uganda.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Trends and Inequities Related to Antenatal Care Utilization Among Pakistani Women From 1990 to 2019: An Insight From Demographic and Health Surveys.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Review
- Nonadherence to the WHO 2016 Antenatal Care Model and Associated Factors Among Delivering and Postnatal Women in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Article
- Trends in childhood routine immunisation and maternal health service access and utilisation in Sokoto State, Nigeria. A quantitative survey.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessing the Consistency of Antenatal Care Visits, Their Determinants, and Health Outcomes Among Post-Natal Women Admitted in Maternity Wards in Selected Health Facilities in Ifakara Town: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Maternal factors associated with inadequate antenatal contacts in the central hospital of Yaoundé, Cameroon.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Determinants of antenatal care utilization among Saudi females: application of Andersen's behavioral model: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Economic factors influencing utilization of world health organization recommended ANC visits among women in Jordan: an analysis of Jordan population and family health survey 2023.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Compliance with ≥ 8 antenatal care contacts and its associated factors among postnatal women attending public health facilities in Nekemte town, Western Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Use of eight or more antenatal care contacts and determinants among healthcare providers in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.AJOG global reports · 2025Article
- The impact of multidimensional poverty on antenatal care service utilisation in Malawi.Health economics review · 2025Article
- Institutional Delivery in the Philippines: Does a Minimum of 8 Antenatal Care Visits Matter?Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced a minimum of eight antenatal care (ANC) visits for positive pregnancy outcomes. This study examined the prevalence of noncompliance with 8+ ANCvisits and its associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
methodsWe used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of eight countries in SSA. A pooled sample of 63,266 pregnant women aged 15-49 years who had given birth to children within 5 years prior to the surveys was included in this study. To examine the factors associated with noncompliance with ANC 8+ visits, multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the results were reported using odds radios at 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsThe pooled prevalence of noncompliance with ANC 8+ visits was 92.3% (95% CI: 91.1%-93.3%) with the highest and lowest prevalence in Zambia (98.7%, 95% CI: 98.3%-99.1%) and Libya (73.4%, 95% CI: 70.4%-76.2%), respectively. With the individual level factors, women's age (44-49 years-aOR = 0.33, 9% CI: 0.14-0.78), health insurance registration, (yes-aOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29-0.98), and economic status (richest-aOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05-0.49) were negatively associated with noncompliance with 8+ ANC visits, while parity (five or more children-aOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.12-2.52) was positively associated with noncompliance with 8+ ANC visit. With the community level factors, community level literacy was negatively associated with noncompliance with 8+ ANC visit (high-aOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.99).
conclusionAbout eight out of ten pregnant women did not comply with the WHO's recommended minimum of eight ANC visits for positive pregnancy outcomes in SSA. Empowering the economic status of women , enhancing health insurance and education coverage, and giving more attention to young pregnant women and those with more children are crucial for improving the coverage of ANC 8+ visits in the region.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.