Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34587523›Full record

ArticleCellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology2022

IL13 Acts Directly on Gastric Epithelial Cells to Promote Metaplasia Development During Chronic Gastritis.

Christine N Noto, Stella G Hoft, Kevin A Bockerstett, Nicholas M Jackson, Eric L Ford, Luke S Vest, Richard J DiPaolo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Autoimmune gastritis: emerging insights and clinical management.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Autoimmune Gastritis: Unveiling the Mystery.The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christine N NotoDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Stella G HoftDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Kevin A BockerstettDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Nicholas M JacksonDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Eric L FordDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Luke S VestDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Richard J DiPaoloDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: richard.dipaolo@health.slu.edu.
Saint Louis University · US

Funding

Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI AIMEE S JAMES · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M
Washington University DDRCC Supplemental Equipment RequestP30DK052574 · NIDDK · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Nicholas O. Davidson · 2000 to 2026
$30.8M
The Role of EBI3 in Regulating Gastritis and Gastric CarcinogenesisR01DK110406 · NIDDK · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · PI DIPAOLO, RICHARD J · 2016 to 2020
$2.3M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK052574NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK110406
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsIt is well established that chronic inflammation promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplasia, but little is known regarding the mechanisms by which immune cells and cytokines regulate metaplastic cellular changes. The goals of this study were to identify interleukin 13 (IL13)-producing immune cells, determine the gastric epithelial cell response(s) to IL13, and establish the role(s) of IL13 in metaplasia development.

methodsExperiments used an established mouse model of autoimmune gastritis (TxA23), TxA23×Il4ra

resultsWe identified 6 unique subsets of IL13-producing immune cells in the inflamed stomach. Organoid cultures showed that IL13 acts directly on gastric epithelium to induce a metaplastic phenotype. IL4Rα-deficient mice did not progress to metaplasia. Single-cell RNA sequencing determined that gastric epithelial cells from IL4Rα-deficient mice up-regulated inflammatory genes but failed to up-regulate metaplasia-associated transcripts. Neutralization of IL13 significantly reduced and reversed metaplasia development in mice with gastritis.

conclusionsIL13 is made by a variety of immune cell subsets during chronic gastritis and promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplastic epithelial cell changes. Neutralization of IL13 reduces metaplasia severity during chronic gastritis.

Indexed as

GastritisInterleukin-13AnimalsEpithelial CellsGastric MucosaMetaplasiaMiceIL13 protein, humanInterleukin-13GastritisIL13Metaplasia

Identifiers

PMID34587523
PMCPMC8715193
OpenAlexW3201818450

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.