Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34587494›Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of ophthalmology2022

COVID-19-Related Retinal Micro-vasculopathy - A Review of Current Evidence.

Kelvin Yc Teo, Alessandro Invernizzi, Giovanni Staurenghi, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
12.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Ocular Symptoms in Long COVID: A Cross-Sectional Study [Letter].Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Epidemic retinitis during the COVID-19 pandemic.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023
    Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Kelvin Yc TeoFrom the Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore (K.Y.C.T, C.M.G.C); Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore (K.Y.C.T, C.M.G.C); Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.Y.C.T, A.I).
Alessandro InvernizziSave Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.Y.C.T, A.I); Eye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Italy (A.I, G.S).
Giovanni StaurenghiEye Clinic, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Italy (A.I, G.S).
Chui Ming Gemmy CheungFrom the Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore (K.Y.C.T, C.M.G.C); Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore (K.Y.C.T, C.M.G.C). Electronic address: gemmy.cheung.c.m@singhealth.com.sg.
The University of Sydney · AUNational University of Singapore · SGUniversity of Milan · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the occurrence of retinal microvasculopathy in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and who developed coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

designSystematic review and meta-analysis.

methodsThe Pubmed and Embase databases were comprehensively searched to identify studies that reported retina vascular changes in eyes with COVID-19. Two independent reviewers selected papers and extracted data for analysis. Data of interest were extracted and analyzed in RevMan Web versions 3.3. Quality of evidence was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool for a case-control study.

resultsThirty-one studies reporting on 1373 subjects (972 COVID-19 and 401 controls) were included. Only case-control studies were included in the pooled analysis. There was a significantly higher likelihood of retinal microvasculopathy in subjects with COVID-19 compared to controls (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 8.86 [2.54-27.53], P < .01). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) revealed reduced vessel density and enlarged foveal avascular zone in subjects with COVID-19 compared to controls.

conclusionsThe results suggested that COVID-19-related retinal microvasculopathy is a significant ocular manifestation of COVID-19 and may herald future retinal complications. These microvascular impairments might have occurred antecedent to clinically visible changes and could be detected earlier by OCTA. These findings are significant, due to the large numbers with COVID-19, and need to be recognized by ophthalmologists as a potential long-term sequalae of the disease.

Indexed as

COVID-19Case-Control StudiesFluorescein AngiographyFundus OculiHumansRetinal VesselsSARS-CoV-2Tomography, Optical Coherencecotton wool spotsCOVID-19FAZOCTAretina haemorrhageretina microvasculopathyretinopathyreviewSARS-CoV-2vessel density

Identifiers

PMID34587494
PMCPMC8465265
OpenAlexW3201791240

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.