ArticleScience advances2021
Heterogeneity in cognitive disability after a major disaster: A natural experiment study.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Climate Change and Extreme Weather Event Adaptations for Individuals With Dementia: A Systematic Review.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of natural disasters on the cognitive state of older adults with dementia: a scoping review.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Individual differences in effects of stressful life events on childhood ADHD: genetic, neural, and familial contributions.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Advancing Precision Nutrition Through Multimodal Data and Artificial Intelligence.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- The Population Neuroscience-Dementia Syndemics Framework to better understand global sex and gender-based risk in low- and middle-income countries.Nature aging · 2026Review
- Disaster-related home loss, mental health, and risk of cognitive disability: causal mediation analysis using longitudinal data of disaster survivors.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Association between social capital and mortality among community-dwelling older adults in Myanmar 2018-2022: a prospective cohort study.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- UK Biobank data demonstrate long-term exposure to floods is a risk factor for incident dementia.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- An overview of modern machine learning methods for effect measure modification analyses in high-dimensional settings.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Long-Term Trajectories of Cognitive Disability Among Older Adults Following a Major Disaster.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Associations between housing and psychological damage by earthquake and modifiable risk factors for dementia in general older adults: Tohoku Medical Megabank community-based cohort study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2024Article
- Do Adverse Childhood Experiences Modify the Association Between Disaster-Related Trauma and Cognitive Disability?American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Machine learning-based causal models for predicting the response of individual patients to dexamethasone treatment as prophylactic antiemetic.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and changes in college student educational expectations and health by disability status.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Long-Term Associations between Disaster-Related Home Loss and Health and Well-Being of Older Survivors: Nine Years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Potential Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to Dementia in Non-Demented Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cognitive disability following traumatic experiences of disaster has been documented; however, little is known about heterogeneity in the association across individuals. In this natural experiment study of approximately 3000 Japanese older adults in an area directly affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the baseline survey was established 7 months before the 2011 earthquake. To inductively identify heterogeneity in postdisaster cognitive disability by predisaster characteristics, we applied a machine learning–based causal inference approach—generalized random forest. We identified strong evidence for heterogeneity in the association between home loss and cognitive disability objectively assessed 2.5 and 5.5 years after the 2011 earthquake. The subgroups with the strongest disaster-dementia associations tended to be from low socioeconomic backgrounds and have predisaster health problems. The study demonstrated that some subpopulations are particularly prone to experience cognitive disability after disasters, which could be overlooked in studies assessing population average associations only.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.