ArticleSSM - population health2021
Social status differences in allostatic load among young adults in the United States.
Article in SSM - population health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of allostatic load on patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Mid-Trimester Allostatic Load and Spontaneous Preterm Birth in a Cohort of Pregnant Women Living with HIV in Zambia.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Trial
- Associations between adolescent adversity and young adult depression symptoms and allostatic load in Mexican-origin individuals.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Association Between Allostatic Load and Incident Colorectal Cancer-A Prospective Study in a Multiethnic Asian Population.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- For reducing premature adult mortality in India, education matters more than income.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Allostatic Load and Healthcare Access Among Stroke Survivors.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Disparities in Allostatic Load Among Different Races: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- An Interpersonal Physiological Pathway Framework Linking Racism and Well-Being in Black American Families.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Review
- Weapon victimization and long-term cardiovascular disease risk.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- The Uterus Keeps the Score: Black Women Academics' Insights and Coping with Uterine Fibroids.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- Income Inequality, Gender Disparities, and Ethnic Differences: Investigating Allostatic Load in American Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Health Disparities at the Intersection of Racism, Social Determinants of Health, and Downstream Biological Pathways.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Association between education and allostatic load with risk of cancer mortality among Hispanic women.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- A novel approach for measuring allostatic load highlights differences in stress burdens due to race, sex and smoking status.PloS one · 2025Article
- Allostatic Load, Educational Attainment, and Risk of Cancer Mortality Among US Men.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Exploring Racial Discrimination, Disability Discrimination, and Perception of the Future Among Black-Identifying Emerging Adults with and without Autism in the United States: A Mixed-Methods Descriptive Study.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- Allostatic load and cognitive recall among young adults: Racial, ethnic, and sex-specific variations.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- Structural disadvantages to the kin network from intergenerational racial health inequities.Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation · 2024Article
- The Interplay between Structural Inequality, Allostatic Load, Inflammation, and Cancer in Black Americans: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- The physiological toll of arrests: An examination of arrest history on midlife allostatic load.Annals of epidemiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Allostatic load refers to wear and tear on the body due to repeated activation of the stress response and, thus, may be an early subclinical indicator of future disease and mortality risk. To date, few studies of allostatic load have focused on young adults, racial/ethnic comparisons that include Mexican Americans, or the interplay between race/ethnicity, gender, and educational attainment. To fill these gaps, we used data on non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Mexican-origin respondents from Waves I (1994-1995) and IV (2007-2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; N = 11,807). We calculated allostatic load scores based on respondents' values for 10 metabolic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory biomarkers measured at Wave IV, when respondents were 24-34 years old. We then used negative binomial regression models to assess the combined effects of race/ethnicity, gender, and educational attainment on allostatic load, while controlling for key covariates. We found that Black women had significantly higher allostatic load scores than White women and Black men, net of educational attainment and other covariates. Yet, education modified the relationship between race/ethnicity, gender, and allostatic load. Obtaining a college education was protective for White males and females but no more or less protective for other women and deleterious for Black males. In other words, by the time they reach young adulthood, the cumulative physiological burden of stress on Black women and college-educated Black men is already greater than it is among their similarly or less educated White counterparts. These findings provide important information about the intermediate physiological dysregulation that underlies social inequalities in stress-related health outcomes, especially those that occur at the intersections of race/ethnicity, gender, and educational attainment. They also suggest that research on its antecedents should focus on earlier life periods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.