Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34584469›Full record

ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2021

Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes in Pakistan: Evidence from Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model.

Irfan Ullah, Assad Ullah, Sher Ali, Petra Poulova, Ahsan Akbar, Muhammad Haroon Shah, Alam Rehman, Muhammad Zeeshan, Fakhr E Alam Afridi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Cost of Illness Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Findings from a Lower-Middle Income Country.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Irfan UllahReading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Assad UllahSchool of Economics, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-5365-0224
Sher AliDepartment of Economics, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-3113-543X
Petra PoulovaDepartment of Informatics and Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0001-5269-4065
Ahsan AkbarInternational Business School, Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-7506-6416
Muhammad Haroon ShahCollege of International Students, Wuxi University, Wuxi 214105, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Alam RehmanFaculty of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad ZeeshanCollege of Business Administration, Liaoning Technical University, XingCheng, Liaoning Province, 125105, People's Republic of China.
Fakhr E Alam AfridiDepartment of Economics, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-9776-5074

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe provision of healthcare facilities remains high on the manifesto of various political parties in Pakistan and healthcare spending has witnessed a significant surge in the last two decades that is expected to positively influence health outcomes in the country. Therefore, this research aims to explore the effects of healthcare expenditures on the actual health status of the masses in Pakistan for the period 1995Q1 to 2017Q1.

methodsWe apply the Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag (QARDL) approach for estimation purposes. This is the most recent and emerging estimation technique in time series analysis.

resultsOur findings confirm that public healthcare spending significantly impacts health outcomes in Pakistan both in the short-run and long-run. Public healthcare spending improves life expectancy and reduces death rate and infant mortality.

conclusionThe study concludes that public healthcare is the main focus of the current regime. It is noticed that spending on healthcare significantly contributes to the health outcomes in Pakistan. These efforts by the government significantly promote life expectancy and drop down the mortality ratio in the country. Based on these notable facts, the government should allocate sufficient resources towards the latest healthcare technologies and equipment to optimize health outcomes in the country.

Indexed as

healthcare spendinghealthcare technologieshealth outcomesPakistanQARDLQuantile cointegration

Identifiers

PMID34584469
PMCPMC8462281

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.