ArticleScientific reports2021
A low aromatic amino-acid diet improves renal function and prevent kidney fibrosis in mice with chronic kidney disease.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of amino acid supplementation on cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases: a systematic review.Cardiovascular research · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Amino Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2026Review
- Decoding the urinary metabolome of aromatic amino acid pathways in Alport syndrome.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Amino acid homeostasis in the kidney: Physiological roles and pathological dysregulation.Physiological reports · 2026Review
- Plasma Metabolomics Reveals a Shared Metabolomic Profile in Experimental and Human Chronic Kidney Disease.Toxins · 2026Article
- Low Fischer's ratio is associated with increased mortality in patients with kidney failure.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 improves serum indoxyl sulfate via gut microbial changes in a human study.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Untangling amino acid metabolism in renal diseases: mechanisms, dysregulation, and critical gaps.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Leucine Mitigates Diabetic Nephropathy via Its Antioxidant Effect and Modulation of TGF-β/SMAD-3 Signalling Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- A guide to uraemic toxicity.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward medical nutritional therapy among patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A specifically designed multi-biotic reduces uremic toxin generation and improves kidney function.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- The Gut Microbiome and the Gut-Liver-Kidney Axis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Low-protein diet for chronic kidney disease: Evidence, controversies, and practical guidelines.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- The Non-Traditional Cardiovascular Culprits in Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral Imbalance and Uremic Toxin Accumulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Gavage versus dietary adenine administration is more effective for the female mouse model of chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Dietary Protein Intake Recommendations for Patients with Non-Dialysis-Dependent CKD: What Should Healthcare Providers Do?Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Review
- Advances and challenges in kidney fibrosis therapeutics.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite decades of use of low protein diets (LPD) in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), their mechanisms of action are unclear. A reduced production of uremic toxins could contribute to the benefits of LPDs. Aromatic amino-acids (AA) are precursors of major uremic toxins such as p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS). We hypothesize that a low aromatic amino acid diet (LA-AAD, namely a low intake of tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine) while being normoproteic, could be as effective as a LPD, through the decreased production of uremic toxins. Kidney failure was chemically induced in mice with a diet containing 0.25% (w/w) of adenine. Mice received three different diets for six weeks: normoproteic diet (NPD: 14.7% proteins, aromatic AAs 0.019%), LPD (5% proteins, aromatic AAs 0.007%) and LA-AAD (14% proteins, aromatic AAs 0.007%). Both LPD and LA-AAD significantly reduced proteinuria, kidney fibrosis and inflammation. While LPD only slightly decreased plasma free PCS and free IS compared to NPD; free fractions of both compounds were significantly decreased by LA-AAD. These results suggest that a LA-AAD confers similar benefits of a LPD in delaying the progression of CKD through a reduction in some key uremic toxins production (such as PCS and IS), with a lower risk of malnutrition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.