Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34583684›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Psychosocial challenges and individual strategies for coping with mental stress among pregnant and postpartum adolescents in Nairobi informal settlements: a qualitative investigation.

Caroline W Wainaina, Estelle Monique Sidze, Beatrice W Maina, Icoquih Badillo-Amberg, Hazel Odhiambo Anyango, Faith Kathoka, Dorcas Khasowa, Collins E M Okoror

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Caroline W WainainaAfrican Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya. cwainaina@aphrc.org.
Estelle Monique SidzeAfrican Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya.
Beatrice W MainaAfrican Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya.
Icoquih Badillo-AmbergMcGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, H3A 0G4, Canada.
Hazel Odhiambo AnyangoAfrican Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya.
Faith KathokaMum, Baby and Love Trust, Nairobi, Kenya.
Dorcas KhasowaMental health consultant, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Collins E M OkororDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study was part of a project funded under the Grand Challenges Explorations initiative to engage adolescent girls living in the main slums of Nairobi. This involved an innovative co-creation initiative through jointly designing and testing the feasibility of a toolkit of information, skill, and confidence-building, and coping mechanisms that can effectively shield them and their peers against the risks of mental stress during pregnancy and early motherhood.

methodsQualitative interviews and discussions from visual methodologies including Photovoice, digital storytelling, and public service announcements were conducted with 30 pregnant and adolescent mothers aged 14-19 years in four informal settlements either pregnant or having a child less than 2 years. The aims included; to generate an inventory of mental stressors during pregnancy and early motherhood; understand how mental stress affects the ability to seek care for themselves and their child, and understand individual coping strategies.

resultsThe psychosocial challenges identified in order of importance included: chased from home by the parents; economic hardship; neglect and abandonment by the person responsible for the pregnancy; stigmatization by family, friends, and the community; feelings of shattered dreams; and daily stress related to living in poor and unhygienic conditions. During the pregnancy and early motherhood, the participants experienced feelings of embarrassment, shame, hopelessness, and to the extreme, suicidal thoughts clouded their minds. Main coping strategies included social isolation for some, socializing with other pregnant and adolescent mothers, and negative behaviors like the uptake of illicit drugs and alcohol and risky sexual relationships.

conclusionThe unpreparedness for early motherhood infused with inadequate psychosocial support led to increased mental stress and risk of depression. The interconnection between the triggers to mental stress showed the need to focus on a multifaceted approach to address the wellbeing of pregnant and adolescent mothers.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalPoverty AreasStress, PsychologicalAdolescentAdolescent MothersFemaleHumansKenyaMalePregnancyPregnancy in AdolescenceQualitative ResearchSocial ConditionsSocial StigmaSocial SupportYoung AdultAdolescentMaternal healthMental healthMental stressPoor settingsUrban health

Identifiers

PMID34583684
PMCPMC8480022

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.