Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34583555›Full record

ArticleNursing ethics2022

Unprofessional conduct by nurses: A document analysis of disciplinary decisions.

Oili Papinaho, Arja Häggman-Laitila, Mari Kangasniemi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nursing ethics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Laclau and Mouffe's Discourse Theory: Professionalism as an Empty Signifier for Nursing.Nursing philosophy : an international journal for healthcare professionals · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Oili PapinahoUniversity of Turku, Finland; Oulu University Hospital, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5133-2801
Arja Häggman-LaitilaUniversity of Eastern Finland, Finland; Department of Social Services and Health Care, Finland.
Mari KangasniemiUniversity of Turku, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0690-1865

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA small minority of nurses are investigated when they fail to meet the required professional standards. Unprofessional conduct does not just affect the nurse but also patients, colleagues and managers. However, it has not been clearly defined.

objectiveThe objective was to identify unprofessional conduct by registered nurses by examining disciplinary decisions by a national regulator.

designA retrospective document analysis. DATA AND RESEARCH CONTEXT: Disciplinary decisions delivered to 204 registered nurses by the Finnish national regulatory authority from 2007 to 2016. The data were analysed with quantitative statistics. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION: The study received permission from the Finnish National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health and used confidential documents that were supplied on the basis of complete anonymity and confidentiality.

findingsThe mean age of the registered nurses who were disciplined was 44 years and 81% were female. Two-thirds had worked for their employer for 5 years or less, 53% had two or more employers and 18% had a criminal history. All the decisions included a primary reason for why the nurses were investigated, but there were also 479 coexisting reasons. In most cases, unprofessional conduct was connected to substance abuse (96%). In addition, stealing of medicine, a decreased ability to work and neglect of nursing guidelines were reported. DISCUSSION: We found that the nurses were investigated for unprofessional conduct for complex combinations of primary and coexisting reasons. Our study highlighted that more attention needs to be paid to the key markers for unprofessional conduct.

conclusionUnprofessional conduct is a complex phenomenon that is connected to nurses' individual and working backgrounds and has an impact on their work performance. More research is needed to identify how nursing communities can detect, manage and limit the serious effects and consequences of unprofessional conduct.

Indexed as

NursesAdultFemaleHumansRetrospective StudiesDisciplinary actiondocument analysisprofessional ethicsprofessional regulationregistered nurseunprofessional conduct

Identifiers

PMID34583555
PMCPMC8866744

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.