SynthesisScandinavian journal of work, environment & health2022
Job strain and effort-reward imbalance as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Synthesis in Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Occupational Stress on the Body Mass Index of Hospital Workers: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Lifestyle and Psychosocial Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Across Adulthood: The Role of Burnout in a Large Occupational Cohort.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Work-related psychosocial factors and working life expectancy among Finnish public sector employees aged 50 years or older.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2026Article
- Effort-reward imbalance at work and health: Review and critical appraisal of three decades of research.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2026Review
- Occupations and work-related factors in relation to the incidence of type 2 diabetes: an exploratory study among 274,662 Dutch workers.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Coronary Heart Disease Attributable to Psychosocial Stressors at Work.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Hard road to climb: blunted academic and professional trajectories and effort-reward imbalance for people with narcolepsy type 1.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Psychosocial work determinants of older adults' participation in the job market: protocol for a scoping review of quantitative longitudinal studies.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Low occupational physical activity is associated with incident type 2 diabetes in overweight and obese individuals: a population-based cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Job stress evaluated using the brief job stress questionnaire and diabetes mellitus among a Japanese occupational population.Diabetology international · 2025Article
- Relationships between individual attitudes and occupational stress. A cross-sectional study.AIMS public health · 2025Article
- Examining childhood and adulthood stressors as risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in working pregnant individuals: A prospective cohort study.Preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Effort-reward imbalance at work assessed at midlife and prediabetes prevalence assessed 18 years later in a prospective cohort of white-collar workers.Annals of work exposures and health · 2024Article
- Psychosocial Stressors at Work and Atrial Fibrillation Incidence: An 18-Year Prospective Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Same game, different worlds? General conditions, perceived stress, and associations between stress and past season injuries in elite female and male ice hockey players.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Prospective Association of High Effort and Low Reward Imbalance at Work with Risk of Diabetes: A Cohort Study in US Workers.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Cognitive Job Demands and Sports Participation among Young Workers: What Moderates the Relationship?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- The Relationship Between Work-Related Stress and Depression: A Scoping Review.Public health reviews · 2024Article
- Work-Related Psychosocial Factors and Global Cognitive Function: Are Telomere Length and Low-Grade Inflammation Potential Mediators of This Association?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available data on prospective associations between work-related stressors and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adult workers, according to the demand-control-support (DCS) and the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) models.
methodWe searched for prospective studies in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINHAL and PsychInfo. After screening and extraction, quality of evidence was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool adapted for observational studies. The effect estimates extracted for each cohort were synthesized using random effect models.
resultsWe included 18 studies (reporting data on 25 cohorts) in meta-analyses for job strain, job demands, job control, social support at work and ERI. Workers exposed to job strain had a higher risk of developing T2DM when compared to unexposed workers [pooled rate ratio (RR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.26]. This association was robust in several supplementary analyses. For exposed women relative to unexposed women, the RR was 1.35 (95% CI 1.12-1.64). The RR of workers exposed to ERI was 1.24 (95% CI 1.08-1.42) compared to unexposed workers.
conclusionsThis is the first meta-analysis to find an effect of ERI on the onset of T2DM incidence. It also confirms that job strain increases the incidence of T2DM, especially among women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.