ArticlePharmacoEconomics - open2022
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Evolocumab for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Article in PharmacoEconomics - open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Critical Systematic Review of Modelling Approaches and Methodologies used in Hyperlipidaemia Economic Evaluations.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Pooled it
- Decision-Analytical Modelling of Medicines in the Middle East: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation Studies.Applied health economics and health policy · 2025Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of PCSK9 Inhibitors in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Without Prior Ischemic Events in Italy.Clinical drug investigation · 2026Article
- Advancing Lipid Management: Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on PCSK9-targeted Therapies in the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2026Article
- Shifting sands in Saudi Arabian healthcare system towards value-based care: navigating the changing landscape.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Fair pricing, fair access; a systematic review of cost-effectiveness of new hyperlipidemia injectable medication in developing countries.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2025Review
- The Economic Burden of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2025Article
- Medical and Financial Consequences of Using PCSK9 Inhibitors for Managing Hypercholesterolemia in Saudi Arabia: A Historical Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cost-Utility Analysis of Metabolic Bariatric Surgery for Individuals with Obesity in Saudi Arabia.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2025Article
- First Iranian guidelines for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of hyperlipidemia in adults.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness of Evolocumab in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2024Review
- PCSK9 inhibition: from effectiveness to cost-effectiveness.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Observational
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Evolocumab in Adult Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Canada.Advances in therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, such as evolocumab, are cholesterol-lowering drugs effective in lowering lipid levels in high-risk patients with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia.
objectiveThis study assessed the cost effectiveness of evolocumab in combination with lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) compared with LLTs alone, from a public healthcare perspective in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
methodsA Markov cohort state transition model was used, incorporating efficacy estimates from the FOURIER clinical trial and baseline cardiovascular event rates observed in clinical practice. Other model inputs were extracted from the literature and Saudi sources.
resultsIn patients with clinically evident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 70 or ≥ 100 mg/dL, adding evolocumab to a maximally tolerated statin, with or without ezetimibe, was associated with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of Saudi Arabian riyal (SAR) 109,274 ($US60,708) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained and SAR75,163 ($US41,757) per QALY gained, respectively. The ICER was SAR22,391 ($US12,440) per QALY gained in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Sensitivity analysis results were robust to changes in model parameters and fell below the willingness-to-pay threshold of up to three times gross domestic product per capita in 2019 (SAR264,813 [$US147,118]).
conclusionEvolocumab can be considered a cost-effective treatment option for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in the KSA.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.