Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34581963›Full record

ArticleApplied biochemistry and biotechnology2022

Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) and Nanoemulsion Containing Vitamin D3.

Zeinab Jafarifar, Mitra Rezaie, Payam Sharifan, Vajiheh Jahani, Sara Daneshmand, Hamideh Ghazizadeh, Gordon A Ferns, Shiva Golmohammadzadeh, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan

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Article in Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zeinab JafarifarStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mitra RezaieDepartment of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Payam SharifanStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Vajiheh JahaniStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Sara DaneshmandDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Hamideh GhazizadehDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Gordon A FernsBrighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK.
Shiva GolmohammadzadehDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Golmohamadzadehsh@mums.ac.ir.
Majid Ghayour-MobarhanInternational UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ghayourm@mums.ac.ir.

Funding

national institute for medical research development 957705
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vitamin D is an essential vitamin for bone marrow development and immune function, which is mostly synthesized in the skin through sun exposure. The high global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency requires a feasible approach to administer vitamin D to a larger number of population in a shorter amount of time, and this may be achieved through food fortification. Food fortification using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and nanoemulsions appears to be an ideal method to enhance bioavailability, stability, and solubility of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to develop NLC and nanoemulsion forms of vitamin D to evaluate its efficacy for further enrichment of dairy products. NLC containing Precirol and nanoemulsion containing vegetable oils were prepared and characterized for polydispersity index, particle size, zeta potential, particle shape, crystal properties, stability, encapsulation efficiency, and releasing. Vitamin D3 NLC size was in the range of 123.4 to 210.6 nm and for nanoemulsion 137.6 to 171.6 nm, respectively. Optimal NLC and nanoemulsion carriers were selected for morphological assessment, encapsulation efficiency, thermal analysis, and release study. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that particles had approximately spherical shape. In gastric simulated solution (pH = 1.2), NLC and nanoemulsion form of vitamin D3 released 9.3% and 26.9% of vitaminD3, respectively. This indicated that our formulation is able to protect vitamin D3 under acidic conditions. The results of this study revealed that NLC and nanoemulsion could be an optimal carrier for food fortification in order to improve bioavailability of bioactive compounds such as vitamin D.

Indexed as

CholecalciferolDrug CarriersEmulsionsLipidsNanostructuresParticle SizeCholecalciferolDrug CarriersEmulsionsLipidsFood fortificationNanoemulsionNLCVitamin D

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.