SynthesisEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2022
Outcomes of cauda equina syndrome due to lumbar disc herniation after surgical management and the factors affecting it: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 studies with 852 cases.
Synthesis in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute Cauda Equina Syndrome in Rapid Succession: A Case Series of Eight Consecutive Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgical Decompression Over One Week.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Cauda equina syndrome: a structured approach for the higher orthopaedic examination.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Review
- Review
- Is out-of-hours decompression for acute lumbar disc herniation associated with greater peri-operative complications? A tertiary centre, retrospective cohort study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- Rehabilitation in a case with cauda equina syndrome after spinal manipulation: A long and difficult process.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Exploring physiotherapist's ability to identify cauda equina syndrome early.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2025Article
- Biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy surgery in patients with cauda equina syndrome caused by lumbar herniated intervertebral disc: a retrospective multi-center cohort study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Effects of oral OsteoKing on pain, lumbar function, and inflammatory markers in patients with lumbar disc herniation.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Clinical observation of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation and analysis of influencing factors for recurrence.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Does Central Sensitization Influence Outcomes of Lumbar Discectomy Surgery in Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation? A Multicenter Prospective Study.Global spine journal · 2024Article
- Lumbar Disc Herniation—the Significance of Symptom Duration for the Indication for Surgery.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2024Review
- Cauda equina, conus medullaris and syndromes mimicking sciatic pain: WFNS spine committee recommendations.World neurosurgery: X · 2024Review
- Chronic cauda equina syndrome decompression surgery recovery is very "bad"? Based on patient self-assessment.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
- Consensus statement by the Belgian Society of Neurosurgery and literature review on the diagnosis and management of postoperative spinal epidural hematoma.Brain & spine · 2024Review
- Recovery with posterior decompression and dural suturing in a patient with cauda equina syndrome caused by lamina entrapment in an unstable burst fracture: A case report.International journal of surgery case reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Direct Reprogramming and Induction of Human Dermal Fibroblasts to Differentiate into iPS-Derived Nucleus Pulposus-like Cells in 3D Culture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Incidence and long-term patient reported outcome measures of patients with radiological cauda equina compression but without clinical features of cauda equina syndrome.Journal of craniovertebral junction & spineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes after surgical decompression in cauda equina syndrome (CES) and see if any preoperative patient-related factors contributed to this outcome.
methodsA systematic literature search was conducted in the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Ovid. Data regarding outcome parameters from eligible studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effect model.
resultsA total of 852 patients (492 males and 360 females), with a mean age of 44.6 ± 5.5 years from 22 studies diagnosed with cauda equina syndrome and undergoing surgical decompression, were included in the meta-analysis; however, not all studies reported every outcome. The mean follow-up period was 39.2 months, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months in all included studies. Meta-analysis showed that on long-term follow-up, 43.3% [29.1, 57.5] (n=708) of patients had persistent bladder dysfunction. Persistent bowel dysfunction was observed in 31.1% [14.7, 47.6] (n=439) cases, sensory deficit in 53.3% [37.1, 69.6] (n=519), motor weakness in 38.4% [22.4, 54.4] (n=490), and sexual dysfunction in 40.1% [28.0, 52.1] (n=411). Decompression within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms was associated with a favourable outcome in terms of bladder function with 24.6% [1.6, 50.9] (n=75) patients having persistent dysfunction, whereas 50.3% [10.3, 90.4] (n=185) of patients in studies with a mean time to decompression after 48 hours had persistent bladder dysfunction. Other factors such as speed of onset and sex of the patients were not found to significantly impact long-term bladder outcomes.
conclusionThe long-term outcomes of CES after decompression are enumerated. Decompression within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms appears to result in fewer patients with persistent bladder dysfunction. However, a randomized controlled trial is required to conclusively determine whether early decompression leads to better outcomes.
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