Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34581222›Full record

ReviewJournal of primary care & community health

The Medical Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Narrative Review.

Paul T Kröner, Pedro Cortés, Frank J Lukens

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Cow milk protein allergy mimics in infancy.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
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  10. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paul T KrönerMayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Pedro CortésMayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2505-2283
Frank J LukensMayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
WinnMed · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) continues to evolve. Our aim was to systematically assess the literature to provide an updated review of the evidence on lifestyle modifications and pharmacological therapy for the management of GERD.

backgroundThe cornerstones of GERD medical management consist of lifestyle modifications and pharmacologic agents. Most recently, evidence has emerged linking anti-reflux pharmacologic therapy to adverse events, such as kidney injury, metabolic bone disease, myocardial infarction, and even dementia, among others.

methodsA systematic search of the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed for articles on the medical management of GERD between inception and March 1, 2021.

conclusionAlthough pharmacological therapy has been associated with potential adverse events, further research is needed to determine if this association exists. For this reason, lifestyle modifications should be considered first-line, while pharmacologic therapy can be considered in patients in whom lifestyle modifications have proven to be ineffective in controlling their symptoms or cannot institute them. Naturally, extra-esophageal causes for GERD-like symptoms must be considered on suspected high-risk patients and excluded before considering treatment for GERD.

Indexed as

Gastroesophageal RefluxBehavior TherapyHumansLife Styleesophageal cancerGERDlifestyle modificationsmanagementPPI

Identifiers

PMID34581222
PMCPMC8481709
OpenAlexW3204914623

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.