Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34580377›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy defined by monofilament insensitivity in middle-aged and older adults in two US cohorts.

Caitlin W Hicks, Dan Wang, B Gwen Windham, Kunihiro Matsushita, Elizabeth Selvin

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Screening for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Subjective Versus Objective Measures.The international journal of lower extremity wounds · 2026
    Article
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  11. A New Simple SCreening Tool for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (ACT) in Ecuador.Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS · 2026
    Observational
  12. Article
  13. Dietary folic acid prevents peripheral neuropathy in mouse models of neural tube defects and type 2 diabetes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Caitlin W HicksDivision of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Dan WangDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 E. Monument St., Suite 2-600, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
B Gwen WindhamDepartment of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Kunihiro MatsushitaDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 E. Monument St., Suite 2-600, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Elizabeth SelvinDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2024 E. Monument St., Suite 2-600, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. eselvin@jhu.edu.
Johns Hopkins University · USJackson Memorial Hospital · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · US

Funding

Diabetes and Prediabetes in Older Adults in ARICR01DK089174 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SELVIN, ELIZABETH · 2011 to 2020
$6.4M
Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated with Late-Life Diabetic Peripheral NeuropathyK23DK124515 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HICKS, CAITLIN WHITNEY · 2020 to 2024
$898k
Research and Mentoring in the Clinical Epidemiology of Type 2 DiabetesK24DK106414 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SELVIN, ELIZABETH · 2015 to 2019
$654k
National Trend and Predictors of Critical Limb Ischemia HospitalizationsR21HL133694 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MATSUSHITA, KUNIHIRO · 2016 to 2017
$245k
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700001INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700002INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700003INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700004INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201700005INHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL133694NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK124515NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK106414NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK089174
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Peripheral neuropathy is associated with substantial morbidity, but risk factors other than diabetes are largely uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in adults with and without diabetes from two different population-based studies in the US. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 5200 black and white participants from NHANES (1999-2004, age 40-85 years) and 3362 black and white participants from the ARIC Study (2016-2017, age 70-89 years) who underwent monofilament testing for peripheral neuropathy using a shared protocol. We used logistic regression to quantify age, sex, and race-adjusted risk factor associations for peripheral neuropathy among middle-aged (40-69 years) and older (≥ 70 years) adults. The age, sex, and race-adjusted prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (decreased sensation on monofilament testing) was 10.4% for middle-aged adults in NHANES, 26.8% for older adults in NHANES, and 39.2% for older adults in ARIC. Diabetes was an important risk factor, but more strongly associated with peripheral neuropathy in middle-aged (OR ~ 5 for long-standing diabetes) compared to older adults (ORs ~ 1.5-2). Male sex (ORs ~ 2), black race (ORs ~ 1.3-1.5), and greater height (ORs ~ 1.5-3) were robust risk factors for peripheral neuropathy. Other risk factors included body mass index, education, and peripheral artery disease. The burden of peripheral neuropathy defined by abnormal monofilament testing among older adults is substantial, even among adults without diabetes. Studies are needed to understand the etiology and prognosis of peripheral neuropathy in the absence of diabetes.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlack or African AmericanBlack PeopleBody HeightCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPeripheral Nervous System DiseasesPrevalenceProspective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID34580377
PMCPMC8476511
OpenAlexW3203099651

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.