ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2021
Characteristics of children admitted to hospital with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in Canada in 2020.
Abstract read
In one paragraph
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
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- Performance of whole blood interferon-γ release assays in SARS-CoV-2 and tuberculosis is age dependent.Infection · 2025Article
- Intra-Host Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 During Persistent Infection of Pediatric COVID-19 Patients.Viruses · 2025Article
- Pediatric COVID-19 severity by SARS-CoV-2 lineage and vaccine status in Canada: an IMPACT study.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Pediatric critical care capacity in Canada.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Refining the hospitalization rate: A mixed methods approach to differentiate primary COVID-19 from incidental cases.Infection prevention in practice · 2024Article
- The Effect of Age and Comorbidities: Children vs. Adults in Their Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Viruses · 2024Article
- The acute care burden of asthma in children was profoundly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-centre Canadian retrospective study.Paediatrics & child health · 2024Article
- Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome in Canada: population-based surveillance and role of SARS-CoV-2 linkage.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Severe Respiratory Disease Among Children With and Without Medical Complexity During the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- A snapshot of pediatric inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19: a point prevalence study from Turkey.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in Children.Clinics in chest medicine · 2023Review
- Innovative technology and established partnerships-a recipe for rapid adaptability under emerging pandemic conditions.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- COVID-19 outbreak trends in Canada, 2021.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Resource use and disease severity of children hospitalized for COVID-19 versus multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Canada.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Parenting and pandemic pressures: Examining nuances in parent, child, and family well-being concerns during COVID-19 in a Canadian sample.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Article
- Impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination on blood and breastmilk antibodies.PloS one · 2023Article
- Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in hospitalized children in Canada: A national prospective study from March 2020-May 2021.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- AMMI Canada Practice Point on the treatment of acute COVID-19 in pediatrics.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2022Article
- Neurological Complications in Children Hospitalized With Seizures and Respiratory Infections: A Comparison Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Infections.Pediatric neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
Olivier DrouinDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Charlotte Moore HepburnDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Daniel S FarrarDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Krista BaergDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Kevin ChanDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Claude CyrDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Elizabeth J DonnerDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Joanne E EmbreeDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Catherine FarrellDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Sarah ForgieDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Ryan GirouxDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Kristopher T KangDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Melanie KingDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Melanie LaffinDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Thuy Mai LuuDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Julia OrkinDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Jesse PapenburgDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Catherine M PoundDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Victoria E PriceDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Rupeena PurewalDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Manish SadaranganiDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Marina I SalvadoriDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Karina A TopDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Isabelle Viel-ThériaultDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Fatima KakkarDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. shaun.morris@sickkids.ca fatima.kakkar@umontreal.ca.
Shaun K MorrisDivisions of General Pediatrics (Drouin, Luu) and Pediatric Intensive Care (Farrell), Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Infectious Diseases (Kakkar), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Drouin), School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Paediatric Medicine (Moore Hepburn, Giroux, Orkin), Centre for Global Child Health (Farrar, Morris) and Child Health Evaluative Sciences (Morris, Orkin), The Hospital for Sick Children; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Moore Hepburn), and Departments of Pediatrics (Chan) and Clinical Public Health (Morris), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Baerg, Purewal), University of Saskatchewan; Divisions of General Paediatrics (Baerg) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Purewal), Jim Pattison Children's Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, Sask.; Department of Children's and Women's Health (Chan), Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ont.; Service de soins intensifs pédiatriques (Cyr), Centre Hospitalier, and Faculté de médecine (Cyr), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health (Embree), and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Embree), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Forgie), Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta; Stollery Children's Hospital (Forgie), Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Pediatrics (Sadarangani, Tang), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (King, Laffin), Canadian Paediatric Society, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Papenburg), Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital; Division of Microbiology (Papenburg), Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Pediatrics (Pound), Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (Price), Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Vaccine Evaluation Center (Sadarangani), BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC; Public Health Agency of Canada (Salvadori), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Top), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Division of Infectious Diseases (Viel-Thériault), Department of Pediatrics, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Divisions of Infectious Diseases (Morris) and Neurology (Donner), The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. shaun.morris@sickkids.ca fatima.kakkar@umontreal.ca.
Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program COVID-19 Study Team
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRisk factors for severe outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection are not well established in children. We sought to describe pediatric hospital admissions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Canada and identify risk factors for more severe disease.
methodsWe conducted a national prospective study using the infrastructure of the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (CPSP). Cases involving children who were admitted to hospital with microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported from Apr. 8 to Dec. 31 2020, through weekly online questionnaires distributed to the CPSP network of more than 2800 pediatricians. We categorized hospital admissions as related to COVID-19, incidental, or for social or infection control reasons and determined risk factors for disease severity in hospital.
resultsAmong 264 hospital admissions involving children with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 9-month study period, 150 (56.8%) admissions were related to COVID-19 and 100 (37.9%) were incidental infections (admissions for other reasons and found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 on screening). Infants (37.3%) and adolescents (29.6%) represented most cases. Among hospital admissions related to COVID-19, 52 (34.7%) had critical disease, 42 (28.0%) of whom required any form of respiratory or hemodynamic support, and 59 (39.3%) had at least 1 underlying comorbidity. Children with obesity, chronic neurologic conditions or chronic lung disease other than asthma were more likely to have severe or critical COVID-19.
interpretationAmong children who were admitted to hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Canada during the early COVID-19 pandemic period, incidental SARS-CoV-2 infection was common. In children admitted with acute COVID-19, obesity and neurologic and respiratory comorbidities were associated with more severe disease.
Indexed as
HospitalizationSeverity of Illness IndexAcute DiseaseAdolescentCanadaChildChild, PreschoolComorbidityCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingFemaleHumansIncidental FindingsInfantInfant, NewbornMale
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