ArticleBMC veterinary research2021
Feline thymidine kinase 1: molecular characterization and evaluation of its serum form as a diagnostic biomarker.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- TK1 in gastric cancer: Helicobacter pylori-driven oncogenesis biomarker, utility, and emerging targeted therapies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Chemical Sensors and Biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing of Pets: Opportunities for Individualized Diagnostics of Companion Animals.ACS sensors · 2025Review
- Thymidine kinase 1 appears to be a marker for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on a large-scale, multicenter study.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Pathological Findings in Gastrointestinal Neoplasms and Polyps in 860 Cats and a Pilot Study on miRNA Analyses.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- ACVIM consensus statement guidelines on diagnosing and distinguishing low-grade neoplastic from inflammatory lymphocytic chronic enteropathies in cats.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThymidine kinase 1 (TK1) catalyzes the initial phosphorylation of thymidine in the salvage pathway synthesis of dTTP, an essential building block of DNA. TK1 is a cytosolic enzyme with its highest level during the S-phase of the cell cycle. In cancer cells TK1 is upregulated and excess TK1 is leaked into the blood. Therefore, serum TK1 has been used as biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis in human medicine. Feline TK1 shows high sequence similarity to TK1 from other species. The aim of this study was to characterize feline TK1 and evaluate if serum TK1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker.
resultsFeline TK1 was cloned, expressed and affinity purified. The purified feline TK1 phosphorylated not only pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides but also pyrimidine ribonucleosides and to some extent purine deoxynucleosides. A number of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analogs also served as substrates with fairly high efficiency. ATP and dATP were the preferred phosphate donor. Serum TK1 activity in felines with malignant diseases was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98 with a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.95 for felines with lymphoma. Serum TK1 activity in felines with IBD or inflammatory disease was within the same range as healthy ones. Furthermore, in felines with lymphoma serum TK1 activity returned to normal levels in response to treatment.
conclusionFeline TK1 has high specific activity and a broader substrate specificity in comparison with TK1 from other species. Serum TK1 activity in felines with malignant diseases is significantly higher than that in normal felines and in felines with inflammatory diseases. These results suggest that serum TK1 may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of malignant diseases and for the differential diagnosis of certain inflammatory disease.
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