ReviewVaccines2021
Plant-Based COVID-19 Vaccines: Current Status, Design, and Development Strategies of Candidate Vaccines.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating phase I trial to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of a plant-produced, bivalent, recombinant norovirus-like particle vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Plant-Based Oral Vaccines: Molecular Biotechnology Approaches Toward Functional Food-Based Immunization.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Advancing Global Hepatitis B Elimination: The Case for Using Maize as a Low-Cost, Heat-Stable, and Scalable Oral Vaccine.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Rice-derived SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein S1 subunit vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Production of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain in stably transformed rice plants for developing country applications.Plant biotechnology journal · 2023Article
- A low dose of RBD and TLR7/8 agonist displayed on influenza virosome particles protects rhesus macaque against SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Plants as Biofactories for Therapeutic Proteins and Antiviral Compounds to Combat COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A perspective on SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles vaccines.International immunopharmacology · 2023Review
- Expression of recombinant human Apolipoprotein A-IBioresources and bioprocessing · 2023Article
- Development of a Modular NTA:His Tag Viral Vaccine for Co-delivery of Antigen and Adjuvant.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2023Article
- Tomato-made edible COVID-19 vaccine TOMAVAC induces neutralizing IgGs in the blood sera of mice and humans.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Plant-made vaccines against viral diseases in humans and farm animals.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Recombinant MBP-pσ1 expressed in soybean seeds delays onset and reduces developing disease in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.Plant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Article
- Three Parts of the Plant Genome: On the Way to Success in the Production of Recombinant Proteins.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer vaccine expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana adjuvanted with Alum elicits protective immune responses in mice.Plant biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- Article
- Plant-Produced S1 Subunit Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Elicits Immunogenic Responses in Mice.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Development of virus-like particles-based vaccines against coronaviruses.Biotechnology progress · 2022Review
- Towards novel nano-based vaccine platforms for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern: Advances, challenges and limitations.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2022Review
- Energy-efficient production of vaccine protein against porcine edema disease from transgenic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in its second year has led to massive global human and economic losses. The high transmission rate and the emergence of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants demand rapid and effective approaches to preventing the spread, diagnosing on time, and treating affected people. Several COVID-19 vaccines are being developed using different production systems, including plants, which promises the production of cheap, safe, stable, and effective vaccines. The potential of a plant-based system for rapid production at a commercial scale and for a quick response to an infectious disease outbreak has been demonstrated by the marketing of carrot-cell-produced taliglucerase alfa (Elelyso) for Gaucher disease and tobacco-produced monoclonal antibodies (ZMapp) for the 2014 Ebola outbreak. Currently, two plant-based COVID-19 vaccine candidates, coronavirus virus-like particle (CoVLP) and Kentucky Bioprocessing (KBP)-201, are in clinical trials, and many more are in the preclinical stage. Interim phase 2 clinical trial results have revealed the high safety and efficacy of the CoVLP vaccine, with 10 times more neutralizing antibody responses compared to those present in a convalescent patient's plasma. The clinical trial of the CoVLP vaccine could be concluded by the end of 2021, and the vaccine could be available for public immunization thereafter. This review encapsulates the efforts made in plant-based COVID-19 vaccine development, the strategies and technologies implemented, and the progress accomplished in clinical trials and preclinical studies so far.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.