Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34579085›Full record

SynthesisNutrients2021

The Effect of Dietary Interventions on Chronic Inflammatory Diseases in Relation to the Microbiome: A Systematic Review.

Carlijn A Wagenaar, Marieke van de Put, Michelle Bisschops, Wendy Walrabenstein, Catharina S de Jonge, Hilde Herrema, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  19. Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and COPD: A Two-Stage Epidemiological and Clinical Cohort Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026
    Article
  20. Review

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Carlijn A WagenaarAmsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Marieke van de PutAmsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Michelle BisschopsAmsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Wendy WalrabensteinAmsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Catharina S de JongeDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3921-0895
Hilde HerremaDepartment of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Dirkjan van SchaardenburgAmsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Reade, 1056 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Reade · NLAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam · NLAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NL

Funding

Senior Fellowship of the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation 2019.82.004ZonMw 555003210
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of various non-communicable diseases. Dietary interventions can reduce inflammation, in part due to their effect on the gut microbiome. This systematic review aims to determine the effect of dietary interventions, specifically fiber intake, on chronic inflammatory diseases and the microbiome. It aims to form hypotheses on the potential mediating effects of the microbiome on disease outcomes after dietary changes. Included were clinical trials which performed a dietary intervention with a whole diet change or fiber supplement (>5 g/day) and investigated the gut microbiome in patients diagnosed with chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)). The 30 articles which met the inclusion criteria had an overall moderate to high risk of bias and were too heterogeneous to perform a meta-analysis. Dietary interventions were stratified based on fiber intake: low fiber, high fiber, and supplemental fiber. Overall, but most pronounced in patients with T2DM, high-fiber plant-based dietary interventions were consistently more effective at reducing disease-specific outcomes and pathogenic bacteria, as well as increasing microbiome alpha diversity and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, compared to other diets and fiber supplements.

Indexed as

DietGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAutoimmune DiseasesBacteriaChronic DiseaseHumansInflammationchronic inflammationdietfiberinflammatory diseasemicrobiome

Identifiers

PMID34579085
PMCPMC8464906
OpenAlexW3200915408

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.