Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34579029›Full record

ArticleNutrients2021

Ferulic Acid Metabolites Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Enterocyte-like Cells.

Gabriele Serreli, Micaela Rita Naitza, Sonia Zodio, Vera Piera Leoni, Martina Spada, Maria Paola Melis, Anna Boronat, Monica Deiana

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Ferulic acid - A promising candidate molecule for the treatment of colitis.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026
    Review
  2. Investigation of the putative mechanism by whichFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Gabriele SerreliDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1971-3989
Micaela Rita NaitzaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Sonia ZodioDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Vera Piera LeoniDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2447-0547
Martina SpadaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Maria Paola MelisDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Anna BoronatIntegrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0852-3634
Monica DeianaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7166-1856
University of Cagliari · ITHospital Del Mar · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ferulic acid (FA) is a polyphenol pertaining to the class of hydroxycinnamic acids present in numerous foods of a plant origin. Its dietary consumption leads to the formation of several phase I and II metabolites in vivo, which represent the largest amount of ferulates in the circulation and in the intestine in comparison with FA itself. In this work, we evaluated their efficacy against the proinflammatory effects induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers, as well as the mechanisms underlying their protective action. LPS-induced overexpression of proinflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the consequent hyperproduction of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were limited by physiological relevant concentrations (1 µM) of FA, its derivatives isoferulic acid (IFA) and dihydroferulic acid (DHFA), and their glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites, which acted upstream by limiting the activation of MAPK p38 and ERK and of Akt kinase, thus decreasing the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) translocation into the nucleus. Furthermore, the compounds were found to promote the expression of Nrf2, which may have contributed to the downregulation of NF-ĸB activity. The overall data show that phase I/II metabolites retain the efficacy of their dietary free form in contrasting inflammatory response.

Indexed as

Caco-2 CellsCell SurvivalCoumaric AcidsCyclic GMPEnterocytesExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesGene Expression RegulationHumansI-kappa B ProteinsInflammationLipopolysaccharidesNF-E2-Related Factor 2Nitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktCoumaric AcidsCyclic GMPExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinasesferulic acidI-kappa B ProteinsLipopolysaccharidesNFE2L2 protein, humanNF-E2-Related Factor 2Nitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktinflammationintestinal cellslipopolysaccharideMAP kinasesmetabolitesnitric oxidenitric oxide synthasepolyphenols

Identifiers

PMID34579029
PMCPMC8471535
OpenAlexW3199789486

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.