ReviewNutrients2021
Caffeine as a Factor Influencing the Functioning of the Human Body-Friend or Foe?
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coffee, caffeine, and cardiovascular health: navigating risks and benefits-an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Pooled it
- The Caffeinated Brain Part 1: The Effects of Caffeine on Event-Related Potentials (ERPs)-A Systematic and Mechanistic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of caffeine on neuroinflammation in anxiety and depression: a systematic review of rodent studies.Translational psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Coffee and Energy Drink Intake with Suicide Attempts and Suicide Ideation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The Effects of Coffee/Caffeine in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis; A Systematic Review.Journal of evidence-based integrative medicinePooled it
- A full-spectrum aqueous extract of black cardamom (Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Trial
- Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Turkish Coffee Assessed by VONutrients · 2025Trial
- Effect ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Limited caffeine consumption as first-line treatment in managing primary monosymptomatic enuresis in children: how effective is it? A randomised clinical trial.BMJ paediatrics open · 2023Trial
- Molecular Insights into Caffeine Stacking, Partitioning, and Organization in DPPC Lipid Bilayers from Microseconds-Long Molecular Dynamics Simulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Glucose Co-Treatment Modulates Caffeine-Induced Transcriptomic Alterations During Embryogenesis in Zebrafish (Biology · 2026Article
- Beverage-Derived Caffeine Intake, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health Among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of KNHANES 2021-2024.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Potential Relevance of Amazonian Diet Components in Parkinson's Disease: An Integrative Review with Multivariate Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Review
- Tea and coffee consumption in relation to depression and anxiety symptoms: findings from the multicentric LIPOKAP study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Acute Intoxication with Caffeine-Containing Tablets: A Case Report with a Fatal Outcome.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Unraveling the complexities of caffeine: metabolism, genetics, evolution, and health.Hereditas · 2026Review
- Observational real-world analysis of dose-dependent effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Thermogenic adipose tissue in older adults with obesity: a narrative review of mechanisms, brown fat resistance, and the translational relevance of exercise and nutrition.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nowadays, caffeine is one of the most commonly consumed substances, which presents in many plants and products. It has both positive and negative effects on the human body, and its activity concerns a variety of systems including the central nervous system, immune system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary tract, etc. These effects are dependent on quantity, the type of product in which caffeine is contained, and also on the individual differences among people (sex, age, diet etc.). The main aim of this review was to collect, present, and analyze the available information including the latest discoveries on the impact of caffeine on human health and the functioning of human body systems, taking into account the role of caffeine in individual disease entities. We present both the positive and negative sides of caffeine consumption and the healing properties of this purine alkaloid in diseases such as asthma, Parkinson's disease, and others, not forgetting about the negative effects of excess caffeine (e.g., in people with hypertension, children, adolescents, and the elderly). In summary, we can conclude, however, that caffeine has a multi-directional influence on various organs of the human body, and because of its anti-oxidative properties, it was, and still is, an interesting topic for research studies including those aimed at developing new therapeutic strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.