ReviewNutrients2021
Effects of Combining a Ketogenic Diet with Resistance Training on Body Composition, Strength, and Mechanical Power in Trained Individuals: A Narrative Review.
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute effects of resistance exercise on skeletal muscle glycogen depletion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of the Ketogenic Diet on Strength Performance in Trained Men and Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Strength and Resistance Training Performance: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- A Novel Multiphase Modified Ketogenic Diet: An Effective and Safe Tool for Weight Loss in Chinese Obese Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Trial
- Anthropometric Trajectories and Dietary Compliance During a Personalized Ketogenic Program.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of β-hydroxybutyrate in the management of pancreatic neoplasms: exploring novel diagnostic and treatment strategies.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Review
- Effects of a ketogenic diet on motor function and motor unit number estimation in aged C57BL/6 mice.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Efficacy, feasibility and tolerability of ketogenic diet for the treatment of poor response to bariatric surgery.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Keto Menu-Effect of Ketogenic Menu and Intermittent Fasting on the Biochemical Markers and Body Composition in a Physically Active Man-A Controlled Case Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of Maternal Ketogenic Diet on NLRP3 Inflammasome Response in the Offspring Brain.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Article
- Ketogenic Diet and Vitamin D Metabolism: A Review of Evidence.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Review
- Review
- Prurigo pigmentosa induced by a ketogenic dietEuropean journal of dermatology : EJD · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KD) have gained popularity in recent years among strength-trained individuals. The present review summarizes current evidence-with a particular focus on randomized controlled trials-on the effects of KD on body composition and muscle performance (strength and power output) in strength-trained individuals. Although long-term studies (>12 weeks) are lacking, growing evidence supports the effectiveness of an ad libitum and energy-balanced KD for reducing total body and fat mass, at least in the short term. However, no or negligible benefits on body composition have been observed when comparing hypocaloric KD with conventional diets resulting in the same energy deficit. Moreover, some studies suggest that KD might impair resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy, sometimes with concomitant decrements in muscle performance, at least when expressed in absolute units and not relative to total body mass (e.g., one-repetition maximum). KD might therefore be a beneficial strategy for promoting fat loss, although it might not be a recommendable option to gain muscle mass and strength/power. More research is needed on the adoption of strategies for avoiding the potentially detrimental effect of KD on muscle mass and strength/power (e.g., increasing protein intake, reintroduction of carbohydrates before competition). In summary, evidence is as yet scarce to support a major beneficial effect of KD on body composition or performance in strength-trained individuals. Furthermore, the long-term effectiveness and safety of this type of diet remains to be determined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.