Development of a System Dynamics Model to Guide Retail Food Store Policies in Baltimore City.

Siyao Zhu, Cassandra Mitsinikos, Lisa Poirier, Takeru Igusa, Joel Gittelsohn

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

4citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

Simulated retail food environments: A literature review of systems science approaches to advance equity in access to healthy diets.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
Review
Factors and Perceptions Associated with Post-Pandemic Food Sourcing and Dietary Patterns among Urban Corner Store Customers in Baltimore, Maryland.Nutrients · 2024
Article
Design of theFrontiers in public health · 2024
Article
A Commentary on the Healthy Community Stores Case Study Project: Implications for Retailers, Policy, and Future Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Siyao ZhuDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7365-4959

Cassandra MitsinikosDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Lisa PoirierGlobal Obesity Prevention Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4180-0357

Takeru IgusaDepartment of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Joel GittelsohnGlobal Obesity Prevention Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2761-3280

Funding

CDC HHS U48DP005045

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Policy interventions to improve food access and address the obesity epidemic among disadvantaged populations are becoming more common throughout the United States. In Baltimore MD, corner stores are a frequently used source of food for low-income populations, but these stores often do not provide a range of affordable healthy foods. This research study aimed to assist city policy makers as they considered implementing a Staple Food Ordinance (SFO) that would require small stores to provide a range and depth of stock of healthy foods. A System Dynamics (SD) model was built to simulate the complex Baltimore food environment and produce optimal values for key decision variables in SFO planning. A web-based application was created for users to access this model to optimize future SFOs, and to test out different options. Four versions of potential SFOs were simulated using this application and the advantages and drawbacks of each SFO are discussed based on the simulation results. These simulations show that a well-designed SFO has the potential to reduce staple food costs, increase corner store profits, reduce food waste, and expand the market for heathy staple foods.

Indexed as

Food MarketsBaltimoreDiet, HealthyFood SupplyHumansMarketingNutrition PolicyObesityPovertydecision makingsimulationstaple foodsystem dynamicsvisualization

Identifiers

PMID34578934

DOI10.3390/nu13093055

PMCPMC8465929

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.