ReviewViruses2021
African Swine Fever in Wild Boar in Europe-A Review.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pseudorabies virus in wild swine: current evidence and interpretations from monitoring studies.BMC veterinary research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Xenomonitoring reveals mosquito-host feeding patterns in Serbia.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2026Article
- African swine fever in the era of global expansion: Epidemiology, transmission dynamics, viral evolution, and One Health control strategies.Veterinary world · 2026Review
- Population Genetic Changes Associated with Long-Term African Swine Fever-Related Management in a Wild Boar (Genes · 2026Article
- Beyond Immediate Individual Care: Monitoring Captured Free-Ranging European Wild Ungulates to Refine Protocols.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Gastrointestinal parasites circulating in wild boars from central Italy and molecular characterization of Balantioides coli, Blastocystis sp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Spatial behavior of socially isolated wild pigs (Sus scrofa) following sounder removal via trapping.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Integrated Hunting Strategies for African Swine Fever Control in Wild Boar: A Comparative Review of Experiences in European Continent.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Sensitivity and Specificity Assessment of Various African Swine Fever ELISA Kits for Accurate Detection of Seropositive Wild Boar.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Balancing Effectiveness and Ethics: Global Systematic Review ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Global Seroprevalence of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus (PRRSV) in Pigs and Wild Boars: A Widespread and Impactful Swine Virus.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Host-pathogen interactions in African swine fever: From viral entry to systemic disease progression.Cell insight · 2026Review
- African swine fever in Nepal: risk factors, impacts, and strategies for control.Science in One Health · 2026Review
- Early African Swine Fever Dynamics in Wild Boar After Reemergence in Catalonia, Spain: Surveillance-Based Estimates of Initial Spread.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Dynamics of leukocyte populations, immune-regulatory cytokines, and biochemical parameters in wild boar and domestic pigs experimentally infected with a virulent African swine fever virus genotype II strain.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- First detection and characterization of a non-haemadsorbing African swine fever virus (genotype II) isolated from a wild boar in Russia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The introduction of genotype II African swine fever (ASF) virus, presumably from Africa into Georgia in 2007, and its continuous spread through Europe and Asia as a panzootic disease of suids, continues to have a huge socio-economic impact. ASF is characterized by hemorrhagic fever leading to a high case/fatality ratio in pigs. In Europe, wild boar are especially affected. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge on ASF in wild boar in Europe. The current ASF panzootic is characterized by self-sustaining cycles of infection in the wild boar population. Spill-over and spill-back events occur from wild boar to domestic pigs and vice versa. The social structure of wild boar populations and the spatial behavior of the animals, a variety of ASF virus (ASFV) transmission mechanisms and persistence in the environment complicate the modeling of the disease. Control measures focus on the detection and removal of wild boar carcasses, in which ASFV can remain infectious for months. Further measures include the reduction in wild boar density and the limitation of wild boar movements through fences. Using these measures, the Czech Republic and Belgium succeeded in eliminating ASF in their territories, while the disease spread in others. So far, no vaccine is available to protect wild boar or domestic pigs reliably against ASF.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.