ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Immunobiotic Lactobacilli Improve Resistance of Respiratory Epithelial Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of probiotic supplements as adjunctive therapies in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Probiotics and Bacteriocins Against SARS-CoV-2: Therapeutic Frontiers and Mechanistic Insights.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Live and heat-treatediScience · 2026Article
- Article
- CombinedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Marked reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection and improved recovery following supplementation with a probiotic mix of four strains and two strains ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Enhancing Resistance toNutrients · 2025Article
- Broad-Spectrum Virus Elimination by Nasal Mucosa-Colonized Wild-TypeResearch (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Editorial for the Topical Collection "SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease".Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effects of yogurt containing probiotics on respiratory virus infections: Influenza H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2.Journal of dairy science · 2023Article
- Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics on COVID-19 Infection by Targeting the Gut-Lung Axis Microbial Cross-Talk.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- The Beneficial Role of ProbioticFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The role of respiratory microbiota in the protection against viral diseases: respiratory commensal bacteria as next-generation probiotics for COVID-19.Bioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Previously, we reported that immunomodulatory lactobacilli, nasally administered, beneficially regulated the lung antiviral innate immune response induced by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation and improved protection against the respiratory pathogens, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus in mice. Here, we assessed the immunomodulatory effects of viable and non-viable
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.