Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34577957›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Shape Memory Composite Sandwich Structures with Self-Healing Properties.

Fabrizio Quadrini, Denise Bellisario, Leandro Iorio, Loredana Santo, Panagiotis Pappas, Nikolaos Koutroumanis, George Anagnostopoulos, Costas Galiotis

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fabrizio QuadriniDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1005-6716
Denise BellisarioDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5588-8738
Leandro IorioDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Loredana SantoDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3340-491X
Panagiotis PappasFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of Patras, Stadiou Str., Rio, GR 26504 Patras, Greece.
Nikolaos KoutroumanisFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of Patras, Stadiou Str., Rio, GR 26504 Patras, Greece.
George AnagnostopoulosFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of Patras, Stadiou Str., Rio, GR 26504 Patras, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2505-5107
Costas GaliotisFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of Patras, Stadiou Str., Rio, GR 26504 Patras, Greece.

Funding

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 760779
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, Polyurea/Formaldehyde (PUF) microcapsules containing Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) as a healing substance were fabricated in situ and mixed at relatively low concentrations (<2 wt%) with a thermosetting polyurethane (PU) foam used in turn as the core of a sandwich structure. The shape memory (SM) effect depended on the combination of the behavior of the PU foam core and the shape memory polymer composite (SMPC) laminate skins. SMPC laminates were manufactured by moulding commercial carbon fiber-reinforced (CFR) prepregs with a SM polymer interlayer. At first, PU foam samples, with and without microcapsules, were mechanically tested. After, PU foam was inserted into the SMPC sandwich structure. Damage tests were carried out by compression and bending to deform and break the PU foam cells, and then assess the structure self-healing (SH) and recovery capabilities. Both SM and SH responses were rapid and thermally activated (120 °C). The CFR-SMPC skins and the PU foam core enable the sandwich to exhibit excellent SM properties with a shape recovery ratio up to 99% (initial configuration recovery). Moreover, the integration of microcapsules (0.5 wt%) enables SH functionality with a structural restoration up to 98%. This simple process makes this sandwich structure ideal for different industrial applications.

Indexed as

micro-capsulesPU foamssandwich composite structuresself-healing capsuleshape memory polymer compositesshape memory properties

Identifiers

PMID34577957
PMCPMC8470463

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.