ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators in Female Patients with Breast Cancer.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Breast cancer and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Pooled it
- Firmicutes in gut microbiota: hormonal influence on breast cancer in obese individuals.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Risk of type 2 diabetes after breast cancer treatment: a population-based cohort study in Denmark.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Deciphering the role of classical oestrogen receptor in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus: From molecular mechanism to clinical evidence.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Diabetes mellitus in breast cancer survivors: metabolic effects of endocrine therapy.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Development of cardiometabolic risk factors following endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Article
- TIGIT axis: novel immune checkpoints in anti-leukemia immunity.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Development of cardiometabolic risk factors following endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer.Research square · 2023Article
- Effects of Endocrine Therapy on Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Among Breast Cancer Survivors: The National Health Insurance Service Database of Korea.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates a link between diabetes and cancer. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) may increase diabetes risk via antiestrogen effects. This study investigated incident diabetes risk of SERM treatment and its effects on metastatic cancer and death prevention in breast cancer survivors. This retrospective cohort study included female patients with early-stage breast cancer, treated with or without SERMs, between 2008 and 2020 in a tertiary care hospital in Korea. Four propensity score-matched comparison pairs were designed: SERM use versus non-use, long-term use (≥1500 days) versus non-use, tamoxifen use versus non-use, and toremifene use versus non-use; then, logistic regression analysis was performed for risk analysis. SERMs in general were not associated with an elevated risk of diabetes; however, when used for ≥1500 days, SERMs-especially toremifene-substantially increased diabetes risk in breast cancer patients (OR 1.63,
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.