ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Development, Characterization, and Stability Evaluation of the Anti-Cellulite Emgel Containing Herbal Extracts and Essential Oils.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fortified Espresso Coffee With Essential Oils: Compositional Analysis, Matrix Stability, and Antimicrobial Performance.International journal of food science · 2026Article
- Genome Characterization ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- New Insight for Enhanced Topical Targeting of Caffeine for Effective Cellulite Treatment: In Vitro Characterization, Permeation Studies, and Histological Evaluation in Rats.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- Diversity of Volatile Compounds in Ten Varieties of Zingiberaceae.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Polymeric Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Black Tea and Coffee Extracts for Topical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recently, the herbal compress was successfully developed and applied for cellulite treatment. The aim of this study was to formulate a more convenient dosage form of herbal application from the original formula. In addition, we aimed to characterize and evaluate the stability of the developed dosage form. A gelled emulsion, or an "emgel," incorporated with 0.1 wt% tea and coffee extracts (1:1 ratio) plus 5 wt% essential oils (mixed oil) was prepared. The caffeine content in the finished product obtained from tea and coffee extracts analyzed by HPLC was 48.1 ± 2.3 µg/g. The bio-active marker monoterpenes of mixed oil characterized by headspace GCMS were camphene 50.8 ± 1.8 µg/mg, camphor 251.0 ± 3.2 µg/mg, 3-carene 46.7 ± 1.8 µg/mg, α-citral 75.0 ± 2.1 µg/mg, β-citral 65.6 ± 1.3 µg/mg, limonene 36.8 ± 6.7 µg/mg, myrcene 53.3 ± 4.5 µg/mg, α-pinene 85.2 ± 0.6 µg/mg, β-pinene 88.4 ± 1.1 µg/mg, and terpinene-4-ol 104.3 ± 2.6 µg/mg. The stability study was carried out over a period of 3 months at 4, 25, and 50 °C. The caffeine content showed no significant changes and passed the acceptance criteria of ≥80% at all tested temperatures. However, monoterpenes showed their stability for only 2 months at 50 °C. Therefore, the shelf-life of the emgel was, consequently, calculated to be 31 months using the Q10 method. Thus, the anti-cellulite emgel was successfully formulated. The characterization methods and stability evaluation for caffeine and monoterpenes in an emgel matrix were also successfully developed and validated.
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