Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34576694›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2021

Current Applications of Absolute Bacterial Quantification in Microbiome Studies and Decision-Making Regarding Different Biological Questions.

Xiaofan Wang, Samantha Howe, Feilong Deng, Jiangchao Zhao

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06787222 (Effectiveness and Safety of Zingiber Officinale Transdermal Patch for Acne Vulgaris; Study of Interleukin 1 and Skin Microbiome), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06787222 phase2 / phase3active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness and Safety of Zingiber Officinale Transdermal Patch for Acne Vulgaris; Study of Interleukin 1 and Skin Microbiome

TypeinterventionalSponsorHasanuddin UniversityRan2024 to 2025Enrolled26ConditionsAcne VulgarisArmstretinoin 0.025% + Z. officinale patch, tretinoin 0.025% cream
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Multi-region sampling of the human small intestine using an ingestible device.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Tongue-coating microbiome as a predictor of solid tumors: an updated scoping review of clinical studies.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Advancing the study of microbial symbionts of amphibians and reptiles.Frontiers in amphibian and reptile science · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Toward the Next Generation of In Silico Modeling of Dynamic Host-Microbiota Interactions in the Skin.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Antibiotic-perturbed microbiota and the role of probiotics.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiaofan WangDepartment of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Samantha HoweDepartment of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Feilong DengDepartment of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Jiangchao ZhaoDepartment of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2894-8560

Funding

U.S. Department of Agriculture 2018-67015-27479
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High throughput sequencing has emerged as one of the most important techniques for characterizing microbial dynamics and revealing bacteria and host interactions. However, data interpretation using this technique is mainly based on relative abundance and ignores total bacteria load. In certain cases, absolute abundance is more important than compositional relative data, and interpretation of microbiota data based solely on relative abundance can be misleading. The available approaches for absolute quantification are highly diverse and challenging, especially for quantification in differing biological situations, such as distinguishing between live and dead cells, quantification of specific taxa, enumeration of low biomass samples, large sample size feasibility, and the detection of various other cellular features. In this review, we first illustrate the importance of integrating absolute abundance into microbiome data interpretation. Second, we briefly discuss the most widely used cell-based and molecular-based bacterial load quantification methods, including fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, 16S qPCR, 16S qRT-PCR, ddPCR, and reference spike-in. Last, we present a specific decision-making scheme for absolute quantification methods based on different biological questions and some of the latest quantitative methods and procedure modifications.

Indexed as

16S rRNAabsolute countflow cytometerhigh throughput sequencingqPCR

Identifiers

PMID34576694
PMCPMC8467167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.