ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Optimizing Spray-Dried Porous Particles for High Dose Delivery with a Portable Dry Powder Inhaler.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Packing, Flow and Aerosolization Properties of Binary Adhesive Mixtures Containing Micronized and Spray-Dried Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Drug disposition study on a levofloxacin dry powder formulation using the isolated perfused lung in rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Outstanding Contributions to Aerosol Pulmonary Drug Delivery.Kona : powder science and technology in Japan · 2026Article
- Opportunities for and Challenges of Pulmonary Drug Delivery in the Management of Acute Exacerbations of CNS Disorders.CNS drugs · 2025Review
- Navigating the Development of Dry Powder for Inhalation: A CDMO Perspective.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive In Vitro and In Silico Aerodynamic Analysis of High-Dose Ibuprofen- and Mannitol-Containing Dry Powder Inhalers for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- PVA-Stabilized and Coassembled Nano/Microparticles with High Payload of Dual Phytochemicals for Enhanced Antibacterial and Targeting Effect.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Dry Powder Antibiotics: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Spray freeze dried niclosamide nanocrystals embedded dry powder for high dose pulmonary delivery.Powder technology · 2023Article
- Advancements in the Design and Development of Dry Powder Inhalers and Potential Implications for Generic Development.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This manuscript critically reviews the design and delivery of spray-dried particles for the achievement of high total lung doses (TLD) with a portable dry powder inhaler. We introduce a new metric termed the product density, which is simply the TLD of a drug divided by the volume of the receptacle it is contained within. The product density is given by the product of three terms: the packing density (the mass of powder divided by the volume of the receptacle), the drug loading (the mass of drug divided by the mass of powder), and the aerosol performance (the TLD divided by the mass of drug). This manuscript discusses strategies for maximizing each of these terms. Spray drying at low drying rates with small amounts of a shell-forming excipient (low Peclet number) leads to the formation of higher density particles with high packing densities. This enables ultrahigh TLD (>100 mg of drug) to be achieved from a single receptacle. The emptying of powder from capsules is directly proportional to the mass of powder in the receptacle, requiring an inhaled volume of about 1 L for fill masses between 40 and 50 mg and up to 3.2 L for a fill mass of 150 mg.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.