ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Brain Metastasis Treatment: The Place of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and How to Facilitate Their Diffusion across the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning models for predicting response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- Pyrotinib versus pertuzumab with trastuzumab and taxane in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a Chinese multicenter real-world study.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Anti‑HER2‑targeted therapies for the treatment of advanced HER2‑positive breast cancer with brain metastases (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Cancer brain metastasis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Theranostic Role of Advanced Nanotechnological Tools in Early Brain Metastases in Lung Cancer: An Updated Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Cyanine Dye Conjugation Enhances Crizotinib Localization to Intracranial Tumors, Attenuating NF-κB-Inducing Kinase Activity and Glioma Progression.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes Following First-Line Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab Among Patients with HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer.Oncology and therapy · 2023Article
- Emerging therapeutics and evolving assessment criteria for intracranial metastases in patients with oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Small Molecules against Metastatic Tumors: Concrete Perspectives and Shattered Dreams.Cancers · 2023Review
- The Preclinical Pharmacology of Tepotinib-A Highly Selective MET Inhibitor with Activity in Tumors Harboring MET Alterations.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2023Review
- Systemic absorption of intrathecal methotrexate.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Monitoring of Orally Administered, Small-Molecule Anticancer Medications with Tumor-Specific Cellular Protein Targets in Peripheral Fluid Spaces-A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- EGFR, the Lazarus target for precision oncology in glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology · 2022Review
- Amphipathic Small Molecule AZT Compound Displays Potent Inhibitory Effects in Cancer Cell Proliferation.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of brain metastases has been increasing constantly for the last 20 years, because of better control of metastases outside the brain, and the failure of most drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier at relevant pharmacological concentrations. Recent advances in the molecular biology of cancer have led to the identification of numerous molecular alterations, some of them targetable with the development of specific targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this narrative review, we set out to describe the state-of-the-art in the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer brain metastases. We also report preclinical and clinical pharmacological data on brain exposure to tyrosine kinase inhibitors after oral administration and describe the most recent advances liable to facilitate their penetration of the blood-brain barrier at relevant concentrations and limit their physiological efflux.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.