ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Influence of Population Density for COVID-19 Spread in Malaysia: An Ecological Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Determinants of COVID-19 prevalence in Central Java, Indonesia: An ecological study of socio-demographic, environmental, and healthcare factors.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in COVID-19 Treatment: Integrating Ancient Wisdom with Modern Medicine.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Non-healthcare system interventions and COVID-19 daily cases: a multilevel time series analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Amplification of the power of network hubs and degree skewness over infectious disease spread during lulls.PloS one · 2025Article
- Geospatial analysis of contagious infection growth and cross-boundary transmission in non-vaccinated districts of North-East Indian states during the COVID-19 pandemic.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Natural and socio-environmental factors in the transmission of COVID-19: a comprehensive analysis of epidemiology and mechanisms.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Influence of Environmental Factors and Genome Diversity on Cumulative COVID-19 Cases in the Highland Region of China: Comparative Correlational Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Review
- Understanding the progress of COVID-19 transmission in a rural district: a social network approach.PeerJ · 2024Article
- Exploration of spatiotemporal heterogeneity and socio-demographic determinants on COVID-19 incidence rates in Sarawak, Malaysia.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Spread and seasonality of COVID-19 pandemic confirmed cases in sub-Saharan Africa: experience from Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Spatial and Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in West Java, Indonesia and Its Influencing Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Correlation between UV Index, Temperature and Humidity with Respect to Incidence and Severity of COVID 19 in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Observational
- Effect of total population, population density and weighted population density on the spread of Covid-19 in Malaysia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 in Indonesia: Lessons from the first wave.PloS one · 2023Observational
- Psychological impact of COVID-19 and determinants among Spanish university students.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Prerequisite for COVID-19 Prediction: A Review on Factors Affecting the Infection Rate.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Spatial heterogeneity affects predictions from early-curve fitting of pandemic outbreaks: a case study using population data from Denmark.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- Genomic epidemiology of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Brazil.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The rapid transmission of highly contagious infectious diseases within communities can yield potential hotspots or clusters across geographies. For COVID-19, the impact of population density on transmission models demonstrates mixed findings. This study aims to determine the correlations between population density, clusters, and COVID-19 incidence across districts and regions in Malaysia. This countrywide ecological study was conducted between 22 January 2021 and 4 February 2021 involving 51,476 active COVID-19 cases during Malaysia's third wave of the pandemic, prior to the reimplementation of lockdowns. Population data from multiple sources was aggregated and spatial analytics were performed to visualize distributional choropleths of COVID-19 cases in relation to population density. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to synthesize dendrograms to demarcate potential clusters against population density. Region-wise correlations and simple linear regression models were deduced to observe the strength of the correlations and the propagation effects of COVID-19 infections relative to population density. Distributional heats in choropleths and cluster analysis showed that districts with a high number of inhabitants and a high population density had a greater number of cases in proportion to the population in that area. The Central region had the strongest correlation between COVID-19 cases and population density (
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