Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34574755›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Estimated Direct Medical Cost of Osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center Retrospective Cost Analysis.

Bander Balkhi, Ahmed Alghamdi, Sulaiman Alqusair, Bader Alotaibi, Yazed AlRuthia, Hisham Alsanawi, Ahmad Bin Nasser, Mona A Fouda

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bander BalkhiClinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3801-5497
Ahmed AlghamdiClinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman AlqusairCollege of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Bader AlotaibiCollege of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Yazed AlRuthiaClinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-0029-5924
Hisham AlsanawiDepartment of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4459-0762
Ahmad Bin NasserDepartment of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-6406-5872
Mona A FoudaDepartment of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
King Saud University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteoporosis and its complications are a major health concern in Saudi Arabia, and the prevalence of osteoporosis is on the rise. The aim of this study was to estimate the direct healthcare cost for patients with osteoporosis. A retrospective study was carried out among adult patients with osteoporosis in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. A bottom-up approach was conducted to estimate the healthcare resources used and the total direct medical cost for the treatment of osteoporosis and related fractures. The study included 511 osteoporosis patients, 93% of whom were female. The average (SD) age was 68.5 years (10.2). The total mean direct medical costs for patients without fractures were USD 975.77 per person per year (PPPY), and for those with osteoporotic fractures, the total direct costs were USD 9716.26 PPPY, of which 56% of the costs were attributable to surgery procedures. Prior to fractures, the main cost components were medication, representing 61%, and physician visits, representing 18%. The findings of this study indicated the economic impact of osteoporosis and related fractures. With the aging population in Saudi Arabia, the burden of disease could increase significantly, which highlights the need for effective prevention strategies to minimize the economic burden of osteoporosis.

Indexed as

OsteoporosisOsteoporotic FracturesAdultAgedCost of IllnessFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansRetrospective StudiesSaudi Arabiacostseconomic burdenosteoporosisSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID34574755
PMCPMC8471418
OpenAlexW3199421543

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.