ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Obesity and Thyroid Axis.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of fasting on thyroid hormone profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of TSH, FT3, FT4, and total T3 responses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Do Individuals With Overweight and Obesity Have Reduced Affective and Cognitive Empathy? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Pooled it
- Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Children: Natural History, Risk Factors, and OutcomesJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Obesity-related thyroid reflections: from weight gain to weight loss.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Effect of long-term use of very low-carbohydrate Ketogenic diet on the thyroid gland and adipose tissue of adult male albino rats (biochemical and histological study).Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Patterns and Determinants of Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism in a Clinical Cohort from the Hail Region, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional and Cluster Analysis Study.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Different impact of sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on thyroid function and levothyroxine requirements.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Observational
- The association between the weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI) and thyroid function: an NHANES study.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Review
- Thyroid dysfunction and its association with micronutrients, lipids, and inflammation: an analytical case-control study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Observational
- Evaluation and projection of the global burden of thyroid cancer from 1990 to 2035: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study.Thyroid research · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Determinants in Euthyroid Patients with Obesity: The Strange Case of TSH in Primary Prevention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Causal Association of Dietary Habits With Thyroid Diseases: Univariate and Multivariate Mendelian Randomization Studies.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Clinical and metabolic links between hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Associations between visceral adipose index, lipid accumulation products, and thyroid function parameters in U.S. Adults: analysis of NHANES data.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Effects of cafeteria diet and caloric restriction on pituitary hormones and metabolic phenotype in male Wistar rats.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Timing of adiposity rebound in children with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by newborn screening and treated with Levothyroxine.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Thyroid disease classification using generative adversarial networks and Kolmogorov-Arnold network for three-class classification.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- The Role of Sex in the Impact of Sleep Restriction on Appetite- and Weight-Regulating Hormones in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.Clocks & sleep · 2025Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Development of obesity is primarily the result of imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Thyroid hormones influence energy expenditure by regulating cellular respiration and thermogenesis and by determining resting metabolic rate. Triiodothyronine influences lipid turnover in adipocytes and impacts appetite regulation through the central nervous system, mainly the hypothalamus. Thyroid-stimulating hormone may also influence thermogenesis, suppress appetite and regulate lipid storage through lipolysis and lipogenesis control. Subclinical hypothyroidism may induce changes in basal metabolic rate with subsequent increase in BMI, but obesity can also affect thyroid function via several mechanisms such as lipotoxicity and changes in adipokines and inflammatory cytokine secretion. The present study investigated the complex and mutual relationships between the thyroid axis and adiposity.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.