ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
A Review of Environmental Risk Factors for African Swine Fever in European Wild Boar.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- African swine fever (asf) control and repopulation strategies in tropical condition: effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection protocols.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- African swine fever in the era of global expansion: Epidemiology, transmission dynamics, viral evolution, and One Health control strategies.Veterinary world · 2026Review
- Multi-scale analysis of spatial drivers in wild boar space use at a biweekly scale across landscape patterns and step selection.Movement ecology · 2026Article
- Integrated Hunting Strategies for African Swine Fever Control in Wild Boar: A Comparative Review of Experiences in European Continent.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular epidemiology, spatiotemporal patterns, and economic impact of African swine fever in Meghalaya, India.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Wild boar trade and African swine fever risk of introduction into new territories: A quantitative release assessment with retrospective data of wild boar shipments to France and Spain (2010-2017).One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- The Complexities of African Swine Fever Diagnosis and Control in the Developing World: A Narrative Review Focused on Ghana.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Can public-domain datasets be leveraged to identify factors associated with the occurrence of African swine fever in europe?Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of African Swine Fever in Free-Ranging Wild Boar (Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Spatio-Temporal Pattern Analysis of African Swine Fever Spreading in Northwestern Italy-The Role of Habitat Interfaces.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Temperature and pH dynamics during carcass decomposition and implications for disease management.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- African Swine Fever: A One Health Perspective and Global Challenges.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Spatial prediction of wild boar distribution in Thailand applications for African swine fever prevention and control.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for African Swine Fever in Wild Boar in Russia: Application of Regression for Classification Algorithms.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Testing a Susceptible Population Density Among Other Explanatory Factors of African Swine Fever Spread in Wild Boar Using the Russian Federation Data, 2007-2023.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Risk Mapping of African Swine Fever in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars to Enhance Management and Surveillance in Asia.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of Carcass Detection Delays on the Sustained Transmission of African Swine Fever Among Wild Boars.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Mental health impacts of African swine fever outbreaks on veterinarians in the Philippines.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Risk and protective factors for ASF in domestic pigs and wild boar in the EU, and mitigation measures for managing the disease in wild boar.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Application of machine learning with large-scale data for an effective vaccination against classical swine fever for wild boar in Japan.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A detailed understanding of environmental risk factors for African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar will be not only essential for risk assessments but also for timely and spatially informed allocation of resources in order to manage wild boar-targeted ASF control measures efficiently. Here, we review currently known environmental risk factors that can influence the occurrence of ASF virus infection in wild boar when compared to disease occurrence in wild boar of a non-exposed reference scenario. Accordingly, the exposure of wild boar to environmental risk factors related to (1) climate, (2) land cover, (3) human activity, (4) wild boar and (5) ASF were evaluated. As key environmental risk factors in this review, increased ASF occurrence in wild boar was associated with seasonal patterns, forest coverage, presence of water, human presence, farming activities, wild boar density and ASF nearness. The review highlights inconsistencies in some of these risk factor associations with disease detection in space and time and may provide valuable insights for the investigation of ASF transmission dynamics. The examined risk information was applied to consider potential improvements of the ASF control strategy in wild boar regarding disease surveillance, hunting, wild boar carcass searches and ASF barrier implementation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.