ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Improving Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Procedures Greatly Reduces the Number of Rats Used per Experimental Group-A Practice Report.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anesthetic and analgesic management of Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea) undergoing experimental stereotaxic neurosurgery.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- A promise of nose to brain delivery of bevacizumab intranasal sol-gel formulation substantiated in rat C6 glioma model.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- A Critical Review of the Role of Geristore® in Contemporary Endodontics.Iranian endodontic journal · 2025Review
- The additive effect between citalopram and muscimol upon induction of antinociceptive effect in male mice.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- OBSERVE: guidelines for the refinement of rodent cancer models.Nature protocols · 2024Review
- Step-by-step approach: Stereotaxic surgery forMethodsX · 2024Article
- Continuous locomotor activity monitoring to assess animal welfare following intracranial surgery in mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Non-invasive systemic viral delivery of human alpha-synuclein mimics selective and progressive neuropathology of Parkinson's disease in rodent brains.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Article
- Refining Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Welfare Assessment for Long-Term Intracerebroventricular Device Implantation in Rodents.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Ocular manifestations of central insulin resistance.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
- The Effect of Different Preoperative Depilation Ways on the Healing of Wounded Skin in Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Techniques of stereotaxic surgery are commonly used in research laboratories by a range of students, technicians, and researchers. To meet the evolving requirements imposed by international legislation, and to promote the implementation of 3R rules (replacement, reduction, and refinement) by reducing experimental error, animal morbidity, and mortality, it is essential that standard operating procedures and proper conduct following such complex surgeries be precisely described and respected. The present report shows how refinements of our own neurosurgical techniques over decades, have significantly reduced the number of animals (rats) used in experiments and improved the animals' well-being during the post-surgical recovery period. The current pre-, per-, and post-surgical procedures used in our laboratory are detailed. We describe the practical aspects of stereotaxic neurosurgery that have been refined in our laboratory since 1992 and that cover various areas including appropriate anesthesia and pain management during and after surgery, methods to determine the stereotaxic coordinates, and the best approach to the target brain structure. The application of these optimal surgical methods that combine reliable and reproducible results with an acute awareness of ethics and animal welfare leads to a significant reduction in the number of animals included in experimental research in accordance with ethical and regulatory rules as required by the European Directive on laboratory animal welfare.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.