Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34573390›Full record

ArticleGenes2021

Years of Schooling Could Reduce Epigenetic Aging: A Study of a Mexican Cohort.

Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan, Marcelino Esparza-Aguilar, Verónica Martín-Martín, Cecilia Salazar-Perez, Cinthya Cadena-Trejo, Luis Miguel Gutierrez-Robledo, José Jaime Martínez-Magaña, Humberto Nicolini, Pedro Arroyo

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Using Epigenetic Clocks to Characterize Biological Aging in Studies of Children and Childhood Exposures: a Systematic Review.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. The Intersection of Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors in Aging: Insights from a Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Juan Carlos Gomez-VerjanDirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-7186-8067
Marcelino Esparza-AguilarDepartamento de Investigación en Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.
Verónica Martín-MartínSubdirección de Investigación Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.
Cecilia Salazar-PerezDepartamento de Investigación en Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.
Cinthya Cadena-TrejoDirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.
Luis Miguel Gutierrez-RobledoDirección General, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.
José Jaime Martínez-MagañaLaboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 04809, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0003-0390-8252
Humberto NicoliniLaboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 04809, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0003-2494-0067
Pedro ArroyoDirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico.
Instituto Nacional de Pediatria · MXNational Institute of Genomic Medicine · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adverse conditions in early life, including environmental, biological and social influences, are risk factors for ill-health during aging and the onset of age-related disorders. In this context, the recent field of social epigenetics offers a valuable method for establishing the relationships among them However, current clinical studies on environmental changes and lifespan disorders are limited. In this sense, the Tlaltizapan (Mexico) cohort, who 52 years ago was exposed to infant malnutrition, low income and poor hygiene conditions, represents a vital source for exploring such factors. Therefore, in the present study, 52 years later, we aimed to explore differences in clinical/biochemical/anthropometric and epigenetic (DNA methylation) variables between individuals from such a cohort, in comparison with an urban-raised sample. Interestingly, only cholesterol levels showed significant differences between the cohorts. On the other hand, individuals from the Tlaltizapan cohort with more years of schooling had a lower epigenetic age in the Horvath (

Indexed as

AgingEducational StatusSocial Determinants of HealthCohort StudiesDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleGene-Environment InteractionHumansInfant, NewbornLearningLongevityLongitudinal StudiesMaleMexicoMiddle Agedagingepigenetic ageepigeneticsepigenome-wide association studyyears of schooling

Identifiers

PMID34573390
PMCPMC8469534
OpenAlexW3199869945

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.