ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
The Effects of Two Nrf2 Activators, Bardoxolone Methyl and Omaveloxolone, on Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival during Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of omaveloxolone v/s placebo for the treatment of Friedreich's ataxia in patients aged more than 16 years: a systematic review.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Pooled it
- The Eye as a Window to Neurodegeneration: Oxidative Stress, Optic Nerve Vulnerability, and Retinal Biomarkers-A Scoping Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Pathophysiological Roles of Oxidative Stress and the Translational Potential of Antioxidant Therapy in Retinal Vein Occlusion.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis and the eye: bridging the gap between cell death and vision preservation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Modulation of Nrf2 and Mitochondrial Function: Pharmacological Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Promising effects of astaxanthin on pain-related behaviors and morphine tolerance in a mouse model of neuropathic pain: Possible involvement of Nrf2 and the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- Astaxanthin has a beneficial influence on pain-related symptoms and opioid-induced hyperalgesia in mice with diabetic neuropathy-evidence from behavioral studies.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Review of Current and Potential Future Pharmacotherapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Macrophage ILF3 promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm by inducing inflammatory imbalance in male mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Bardoxolone methyl inhibits the infection of rabies virus via Nrf2 pathway activation in vitro.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Analgesic Effects of Fisetin, Peimine, Astaxanthin, Artemisinin, Bardoxolone Methyl and 740 Y-P and Their Influence on Opioid Analgesia in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Review
- Novel Soloxolone Amides as Potent Anti-Glioblastoma Candidates: Design, Synthesis, In Silico Analysis and Biological Activities In Vitro and In Vivo.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Advances in Immunosuppressive Agents Based on Signal Pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is one of the most common acute optic neuropathies that affect the over 55-year-old population. NAION causes the loss of visual function, and it has no safe and effective therapy. Bardoxolone methyl (methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oate; CDDO-Me; RTA 402) is a semisynthetic triterpenoid with effects against antioxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegeneration and kidney disease that activates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Moreover, RTA 402 is an FDA-approved compound for the treatment of solid tumors, lymphoid malignancies, melanoma, and chronic kidney disease. Omaveloxolone (RTA 408) is an activator of Nrf2 and an inhibitor of NFκB, possessing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in mitochondrial bioenergetics. RTA 408 is also under clinical investigation for Friedreich ataxia (FA). In this study, a rodent anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rAION) model induced by photothrombosis was used to examine the therapeutic effects of RTA 402 and RTA 408. Treatment with RTA402 results in antiapoptotic, antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and myelin-preserving effects on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and visual function via regulation of NQO1 and HO-1, reduced IL-6 and Iba1 expression in macrophages, and promoted microglial expression of TGF-β and Ym1 + 2 in the retina and optic nerve. However, these effects were not observed after RTA 408 treatment. Our results provide explicit evidence that RTA 402 modulates the Nrf2 and NFκB signaling pathways to protect RGCs from apoptosis and maintain the visual function in an rAION model. These findings indicate that RTA 402 may a potential therapeutic agent for ischemic optic neuropathy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.