ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Risk Assessment of Oxidative Stress Induced by Metal Ions Released from Fixed Orthodontic Appliances during Treatment and Indications for Supportive Antioxidant Therapy: A Narrative Review.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Oxidative Stress and Natural Products in Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Antibacterial Properties of Quercetin-Curcumin-Modified PMMA Denture Base Resin for Oral Surgical Site Applications: An In Vitro Study.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Proteomic Research of the Stress Response ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Balancing the Oral Redox State: Endogenous and Exogenous Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Antioxidant Role of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Forastero cacao bean extract gel decreases IL-6 positive osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes on OIRR model: A primitive study.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2025Article
- Orthodontic Alloy Wires and Their Hypoallergenic Alternatives: Metal Ions Release in pH 6.6 and pH 5.5 Artificial Saliva.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Lipid Peroxidation in Muscle Foods: Impact on Quality, Safety and Human Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Oxidative stress and genotoxicity in oral epithelial cells from subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Article
- Engineering Antioxidant Surfaces for Titanium-Based Metallic Biomaterials.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Toxicity of Metal Ions Released from a Fixed Orthodontic Appliance to Gastrointestinal Tract Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A Critical Appraisal of the Use and Properties of Nickel-Titanium Dental Alloys.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Impact of Intraoral Exposure on Elemental Composition and Cytotoxicity of Commonly Used Orthodontic Archwires: A Cross Sectional Study.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances could have an important role in the induction of oxidative stress and associated negative consequences. Because of the simultaneous effects of corrosion, deformation, friction, and mechanical stress on fixed orthodontic appliances during treatment, degradation of orthodontic brackets and archwires occurs, causing higher concentrations of metal ions in the oral cavity. Corroded appliances cause the release of metal ions, which may lead to the increased values of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to metal-catalyzed free radical reactions. Chromium, iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium, and molybdenum all belong to the group of transition metals that can be subjected to redox reactions to form ROS. The estimation of health risk due to the amount of heavy metals released and the level of selected parameters of oxidative stress generated for the time of treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances is presented. Approaches to avoid oxidative stress and recommendations for the preventive use of topical or systemic antioxidants during orthodontic treatment are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.