ReviewCancers2021
Thrombotic Complications Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic effects of anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy: a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Associations Between Immune-Related Venous Thromboembolism and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisPooled it
- Anticoagulation challenges in cancer patients: prevention, detection, and treatment strategies.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced cardiotoxicity: from immune mechanisms to clinical surveillance and targeted therapies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Cancer-Associated Thrombosis (CAT); mechanisms and treatment options.Thrombosis journal · 2025Review
- Inconsistent and Inaccurate Cancer Clinical Trial Reporting of Venous and Arterial Thrombotic Events: An Urgent Call to Action.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Article
- Coagulation proteases modulate nucleic acid uptake and cGAS-STING-IFN induction in the tumor microenvironment.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Thromboembolism in patients with melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: incidence and risk factors.Immuno-oncology technology · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy-associated hemostatic abnormalities: bleeding and thrombotic complications.Annals of hematology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Emerging Association Between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Thrombosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Tissue factor-dependent colitogenic CD4Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cancer-associated thoracic aorta arterial thrombosis: case report and review of the literature.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- The Rise and Fall of C-Reactive Protein: Can it Predict Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Venous Thromboembolism?JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Reconstructive flap surgery in head and neck cancer patients: an interdisciplinary view of the challenges encountered by radiation oncologists in postoperative radiotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Role of Immunotherapy and Transplantation in the Era of Transplant Oncology.Cancers · 2023Review
- Phase I Trial of Combination Therapy With Avelumab and Cabozantinib in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Venous thromboembolism risk in cancer patients receiving first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor versus chemotherapy.American journal of hematology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thromboembolism is a common complication in patients with cancer and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Anticancer treatment is a known risk factor of cancer-associated thrombosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a mainstay of treatment in various cancers. Both venous and arterial thrombosis have been increasingly reported as adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in recent studies, with a cumulative incidence of venous thrombosis to be 5-8% at 6 months and over 10% at 12 months. Additionally, rates of approximately 1-5% for arterial thrombosis were reported at 12 months. Data also showed an association of thromboembolism with adverse survival. Many pertinent clinical questions in this population deserve further investigation, including the risks of thrombosis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors as compared to those with traditional systemic therapy, associated risk factors, and the optimal prevention and treatment strategies. In this review, we synthesize data from available literature, provide relevant information for clinicians and potential future directions for research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.