ReviewBiomedicines2021
Is a High HDL-Cholesterol Level Always Beneficial?
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-density lipoprotein particles are associated with the risk of mortality from all-causes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with CVD: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Lipid Metabolism Modulation by a Flavonoid-StandardizedJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Review
- Integrated Chemical Profiling, Serum Pharmacochemistry, and Network Pharmacology to Elucidate the Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effects ofMetabolites · 2026Article
- Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Lipid Molecules: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Assessment, and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Association of HDL-C Levels with Stroke and All-cause Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study from the CHARLS.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Machine learning evaluation of the discriminative ability of Castelli Risk Index-I and other non-traditional lipid indices for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study based on CHARLS.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Association Between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Prognoses in Patients With Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Observational
- Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors: State of the Science.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Risk prediction for cardiovascular related diseases using PRS and EHR in the Framingham Heart Study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Dysfunction of the ABCA1 and ABCG1 Transporters and Their Impact on HDL Metabolism.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Inflammatory biomarkers in alcohol use disorder: neutrophil/lymphocyte and monocyte/HDL-C ratios as potential diagnostic indicators.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- ApoA1/HDL and sepsis-associated vascular endothelial injury: a narrative review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- HDL cholesterol as a mediator of the relationship between breastfeeding and coronary atherosclerosis from a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- HDL Functionality in Metabolic Syndrome: Insights From Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and NMR Spectroscopy.Health science reports · 2025Article
- High-Density Lipoprotein in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: Friend or Foe?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Serum Lipid Biomarkers and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in a Chinese Population: The Kailuan Prospective Study.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of stroke risk factors and development of a predictive model using machine learning approaches.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2025Article
- Clinical value of Lp-PLA2, LDL-C, HDL-C, hs-CRP, leukocyte, FPG and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The specific interest concerning HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is related to its ability to uptake and return surplus cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver and, therefore, to its role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, but also transient ischemic attack and stroke. Previous epidemiological studies have indicated that HDL-C concentration is inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease and that it can be used for risk prediction. Some genetic disorders are characterized by markedly elevated levels of HDL-C; however, they do not translate into diminished cardiovascular risk. The search of the potential causative relationship between HDL-C and adverse events has shifted the attention of researchers towards the composition and function of the HDL molecule/subfractions. HDL possesses various cardioprotective properties. However, currently, it appears that higher HDL-C is not necessarily protective against cardiovascular disease, but it can even be harmful in extremely high quantities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.