ReviewCells2021
Brain Immune Interactions-Novel Emerging Options to Treat Acute Ischemic Brain Injury.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Uncovering a new mechanism of ischemic stroke: a study of the association between γδ T cells and immunoinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Multi-Omics Profiling Identifies Microglial Annexin A2 as a Key Mediator of NF-κB Pro-inflammatory Signaling in Ischemic Reperfusion Injury.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of inflammation after ischemic stroke in brain-peripheral crosstalk.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Association Between Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Stroke-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients After Endovascular Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Article
- Microglial Positron Emission Tomography Imaging In Vivo : Positron Emission Tomography Radioligands: Utility in Research and Clinical Practice.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Resolvin D1 Induces mTOR-independent and ATG5-dependent Autophagy in BV-2 Microglial Cells.Current medical science · 2023Article
- Rapid Activation of Neuroinflammation in Stroke: Plasma and Extracellular Vesicles Obtained on a Mobile Stroke Unit.Stroke · 2023Article
- Transient ischemic stroke triggers sustained damage of the choroid plexus blood-CSF barrier.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Interplay between Gut Microbiota and NLRP3 Inflammasome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy complicated by ischemic stroke: A single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- The mechanism of microglia-mediated immune inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical components in regulating microglia: A review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Research progress of apelin in acute ischemic brain injury.American journal of translational research · 2022Review
- Roles of peripheral immune cells in the recovery of neurological function after ischemic stroke.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Neuro-Inflammatory Response and Brain-Peripheral Crosstalk in Sepsis and Stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is still among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite intensive advancements in medical sciences, the clinical options to treat ischemic stroke are limited to thrombectomy and thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator within a narrow time window after stroke. Current state of the art knowledge reveals the critical role of local and systemic inflammation after stroke that can be triggered by interactions taking place at the brain and immune system interface. Here, we discuss different cellular and molecular mechanisms through which brain-immune interactions can take place. Moreover, we discuss the evidence how the brain influence immune system through the release of brain derived antigens, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cytokines, chemokines, upregulated adhesion molecules, through infiltration, activation and polarization of immune cells in the CNS. Furthermore, the emerging concept of stemness-induced cellular immunity in the context of neurodevelopment and brain disease, focusing on ischemic implications, is discussed. Finally, we discuss current evidence on brain-immune system interaction through the autonomic nervous system after ischemic stroke. All of these mechanisms represent potential pharmacological targets and promising future research directions for clinically relevant discoveries.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.