ReviewCells2021
Anti-Viral Pattern Recognition Receptors as Therapeutic Targets.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- nc886 noncoding RNA regulates hepatitis B virus replication via PKR-dependent eIF2α phosphorylation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Dual Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- The ELF3-TRIM22-MAVS signaling axis regulates type I interferon and antiviral responses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The therapeutic potential of immunomodulatory nucleic acid nanoparticles in the treatment of CNS infections.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Innate Sensing of Viral Nucleic Acids and Their Use in Antiviral Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2025Review
- The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System: A Key Regulatory Hub in Myocarditis Leading to Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor 1 Mediates Borna Disease Virus 1-Induced Changes in Peroxisomal and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Counting the Toll of Inflammation on Schizophrenia-A Potential Role for Toll-like Receptors.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- PQBP1 regulates the cellular inflammation induced by avian reovirus and interacts with the viral p17 protein.Virus research · 2023Article
- Oncolytic Rodent Protoparvoviruses Evade a TLR- and RLR-Independent Antiviral Response in Transformed Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Immune Recognition versus Immune Evasion Systems in Zika Virus Infection.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Mechanisms of Natural Products: Insight from Rosemary Diterpenes, Carnosic Acid and Carnosol.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- The impact of short-term confinement on human innate immunity.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Regulation of Pattern-Recognition Receptor Signaling by HBX During Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a central role in the inflammation that ensues following microbial infection by their recognition of molecular patterns present in invading microorganisms but also following tissue damage by recognising molecules released during disease states. Such receptors are expressed in a variety of cells and in various compartments of these cells. PRR binding of molecular patterns results in an intracellular signalling cascade and the eventual activation of transcription factors and the release of cytokines, chemokines, and vasoactive molecules. PRRs and their accessory molecules are subject to tight regulation in these cells so as to not overreact or react in unnecessary circumstances. They are also key to reacting to infection and in stimulating the immune system when needed. Therefore, targeting PRRs offers a potential therapeutic approach for chronic inflammatory disease, infections and as vaccine adjuvants. In this review, the current knowledge on anti-viral PRRs and their signalling pathways is reviewed. Finally, compounds that target PRRs and that have been tested in clinical trials for chronic infections and as adjuvants in vaccine trials are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.