Trial reportIndian journal of ophthalmology2021
Efficacy of blink software in improving the blink rate and dry eye symptoms in visual display terminal users - A single-blinded randomized control trial.
Trial report in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07430137 (Effect of a Blink Reminder Program on the Progression of Meibomian Gland Loss in Intensive Digital Screen Users), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of a Blink Reminder Program on the Progression of Meibomian Gland Loss in Intensive Digital Screen Users: a Randomized Controlled Trial With Infrared Meibography
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bridging the gap in managing dry eye disease: a consensus report by the Taiwan society of cataract and refractive surgeons.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Guideline
- A smartphone-based blink training application for alleviating dry eye signs and symptoms.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Tear Film Dynamics in Visual Display Terminal Users: A Review of Impact on Goblet Cells, Lacrimal and Meibomian Gland Function.Seminars in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Factors affecting dry eye syndrome and quality of life among college students in Korea: a cross-sectional study.Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2025Article
- Video display terminal use and dry eye: preventive measures and future perspectives.Acta ophthalmologica · 2022Review
- Dry eye disease and tear film assessment through a novel non-invasive ocular surface analyzer: The OSA protocol.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Commentary: Are you blinking enough? - Efficacy of a software to improve blink rate in video display terminal users.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Closing eyes with artificial tears: A simple and effective strategy to combat screen-related asthenopia and dry eye symptoms.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease, more prevalent among visual display terminal users. Reduced blink rate is a risk factor to dry eye disorder, innovative means to remind to blink while using computers can be helpful.
methodsSingle-blinded Randomized Control Trial enrolled computer users with dry eye. Allocation concealment was done using opaque envelope and principal investigator was blinded. After baseline examination, eligible participants were randomized to intervention group (appearance of bars is 8 times/min) and control group (appearance of bars is 1 time/min). Participants from both groups used the software for 15 days, came for first follow up, and did not use the software for next 15 days until second follow-up examination. During each visit, detailed eye examination was done including blink rate, tear film break up time, and Ocular Surface Disease Index score.
resultsForty-six participants (women n = 31; men n = 15) with a mean age of 28.02 (±6.295) years completed the study. Four participants were excluded from analysis because of early dropout. In the intervention group (n = 23) and control group (n = 23), participants were allocated. At the end of first phase, there was statistically significant difference in OSDI score (P = 0.021). Statistically significant difference was noticed in OSDI (P = 0.014) and blink rate (P = 0.049) as baseline, and final visit data were compared.
conclusion"Blink-Blink" software with 8 reminders/min improved DED-related symptoms by increasing the blink rate. The carry-over effect after cessation of Blink-Blink software in improving blink rate was maintained even after 1 month.
trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI): CTRI/2018/08/015176.
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Registered trials
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