ReviewMolecular carcinogenesis2022
Amateur antigen-presenting cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Review in Molecular carcinogenesis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the role of adenosine deaminase in esophageal cancer and its potential for traditional Chinese medicine intervention.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Cell populations in human breast cancers are molecularly and biologically distinct with age.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Hydrogels as advanced drug delivery platforms for cancer immunotherapy: promising innovations and future outlook.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Clusterin-mediated polarization of M2 macrophages: a mechanism of temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma stem cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular toxicities associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis reveal cellular heterogeneity and cancer cell-intrinsic major histocompatibility complex II expression in urothelial carcinoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Mapping the Binding Hotspots and Transient Binding Pockets on V-Domain Immunoglobulin Suppressor of T Cell Activation Protein Surface.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Tumor battlefield within inflamed, excluded or desert immune phenotypes: the mechanisms and strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- A novel safer CD19CAR with shRNA interference of IFN-γ can reduce multiple cytokine levels without significantly compromising its killing efficacy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy of osteosarcoma based on immune microenvironment modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Remodeling the tumor microenvironment to overcome treatment resistance in HPV-negative head and neck cancer.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2023Review
- Reduced MHC Class I and II Expression in HPV-Negative vs. HPV-Positive Cervical Cancers.Cells · 2022Article
- Review
- The ABCs of Antigen Presentation by Stromal Non-Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Presentation of tumor antigens is a critical step in producing a robust antitumor immune response. Classically tumor antigens are thought to be presented to both CD8 and CD4 T cells by professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs) like dendritic cells using major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) I and II. But recent evidence suggests that in the tumor microenvironment (TME) cells other than pAPCs are capable of presenting tumor antigens on both MHC I and II. The evidence currently available on tumor antigen presentation by epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells (VECs), fibroblasts, and cancer cells is reviewed herein. We refer to these cell types in the TME as "amateur" APCs (aAPCs). These aAPCs greatly outnumber pAPCs in the TME and could, potentially, play a significant role in priming an antitumor immune response. This new evidence supports a different perspective on antigen presentation and suggests new approaches that can be taken in designing immunotherapies to increase T cell priming.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.