Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34570823›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Transcription factors Krüppel-like factor 4 and paired box 5 regulate the expression of the Grainyhead-like genes.

Grzegorz Kotarba, Agnieszka Taracha-Wisniewska, Michal Miller, Michal Dabrowski, Tomasz Wilanowski

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 43% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Vitamin D Receptor Regulates the Expression of the Grainyhead-Like 1 Gene.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Grzegorz KotarbaFaculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Agnieszka Taracha-WisniewskaFaculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Michal MillerLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Michal DabrowskiLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Tomasz WilanowskiFaculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4447-8164
University of Warsaw · PLInstytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. Marcelego Nenckiego · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genes from the Grainyhead-like (GRHL) family code for transcription factors necessary for the development and maintenance of various epithelia. These genes are also very important in the development of many types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulation of expression of GRHL genes. Previously, there were no systematic analyses of the promoters of GRHL genes or transcription factors that bind to these promoters. Here we report that the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the paired box 5 factor (PAX5) bind to the regulatory regions of the GRHL genes and regulate their expression. Ectopic expression of KLF4 or PAX5 alters the expression of GRHL genes. In KLF4-overexpressing HEK293 cells, the expression of GRHL1 and GRHL3 genes was upregulated by 32% and 60%, respectively, whereas the mRNA level of GRHL2 gene was lowered by 28% when compared to the respective controls. The levels of GRHL1 and GRHL3 expression were decreased by 30% or 33% in PAX5-overexpressing HEK293 cells. The presence of minor frequency allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs115898376 in the promoter of the GRHL1 gene affected the binding of KLF4 to this site. The evidence presented here suggests an important role of KLF4 and PAX5 in the regulation of expression of GRHL1-3 genes.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationAnimalsChromatin ImmunoprecipitationComputer SimulationDNA-Binding ProteinsElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayGene FrequencyHEK293 CellsHumansKruppel-Like Factor 4Kruppel-Like Transcription FactorsMicePAX5 Transcription FactorPolymorphism, Single NucleotideReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRepressor ProteinsDNA-Binding ProteinsGRHL1 protein, humanGRHL2 protein, humanGRHL3 protein, humanKLF4 protein, humanKlf4 protein, mouseKruppel-Like Factor 4Kruppel-Like Transcription FactorsPAX5 protein, humanPAX5 Transcription FactorRepressor ProteinsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID34570823
PMCPMC8476022
OpenAlexW3203830408

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.