Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34570232›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2021

A vast pool of lineage-specific microproteins encoded by long non-coding RNAs in plants.

Igor Fesenko, Svetlana A Shabalina, Anna Mamaeva, Andrey Knyazev, Anna Glushkevich, Irina Lyapina, Rustam Ziganshin, Sergey Kovalchuk, Daria Kharlampieva, Vassili Lazarev and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Identification of Potentially Coding Small ORFs in Plant Transcriptomes.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  3. Identification and Characterization of Microproteins/ MicroORFs.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. TheProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. The Cryptic Bacterial Microproteome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Small Open Reading Frame-Encoded Micro-Peptides: An Emerging Protein World.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Igor FesenkoShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.ORCID 0000-0002-5757-8271
Svetlana A ShabalinaNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3774-819X
Anna MamaevaShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Andrey KnyazevShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Anna GlushkevichShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Irina LyapinaShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Rustam ZiganshinShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Sergey KovalchukShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Daria KharlampievaDepartment of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical -Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation.
Vassili LazarevDepartment of Cell Biology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical -Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation.
Michael TalianskyShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.
Eugene V KooninNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3943-8299

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pervasive transcription of eukaryotic genomes results in expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) most of which are poorly conserved in evolution and appear to be non-functional. However, some lncRNAs have been shown to perform specific functions, in particular, transcription regulation. Thousands of small open reading frames (smORFs, <100 codons) located on lncRNAs potentially might be translated into peptides or microproteins. We report a comprehensive analysis of the conservation and evolutionary trajectories of lncRNAs-smORFs from the moss Physcomitrium patens across transcriptomes of 479 plant species. Although thousands of smORFs are subject to substantial purifying selection, the majority of the smORFs appear to be evolutionary young and could represent a major pool for functional innovation. Using nanopore RNA sequencing, we show that, on average, the transcriptional level of conserved smORFs is higher than that of non-conserved smORFs. Proteomic analysis confirmed translation of 82 novel species-specific smORFs. Numerous conserved smORFs containing low complexity regions (LCRs) or transmembrane domains were identified, the biological functions of a selected LCR-smORF were demonstrated experimentally. Thus, microproteins encoded by smORFs are a major, functionally diverse component of the plant proteome.

Indexed as

Open Reading FramesProteomeRNA, Long NoncodingTranscriptomeBryopsidaProteomeRNA, Long Noncoding

Identifiers

PMID34570232
PMCPMC8501992

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.