ArticleeLife2021
Human embryo polarization requires PLC signaling to mediate trophectoderm specification.
Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated contractility drives implantation failure in mouse embryos from aged females.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Live imaging of late-stage preimplantation human embryos reveals de novo mitotic errors.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Advantages, limitations, and innovative considerations for established and emerging models of human placental syncytiotrophoblast.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- Asynchronous mouse embryo polarization leads to heterogeneity in cell fate specification.eLife · 2025Article
- Review
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- A mechanical origin for implantation defects in embryos from aged females.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mechano-osmotic signals control chromatin state and fate transitions in pluripotent stem cells.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- HIF1A-mediated pathways promote euploid cell survival in chromosomally mosaic embryos.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Istanbul consensus update: a revised ESHRE/ALPHA consensus on oocyte and embryo static and dynamic morphological assessment†,‡.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Label-free evaluation of mouse embryo quality using time-lapse bright field and optical coherence microscopy.Communications biology · 2025Article
- WDR36 Regulates Trophectoderm Differentiation During Human Preimplantation Embryonic Development Through Glycolytic Metabolism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Early human development and stem cell-based human embryo models.Cell stem cell · 2024Review
- Revisiting trophectoderm-inner cell mass lineage segregation in the mammalian preimplantation embryo.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2024Review
- Tead4 and Tfap2c generate bipotency and a bistable switch in totipotent embryos to promote robust lineage diversification.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2024Article
- Origin and development of primary animal epithelia.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Review
- A comprehensive review: synergizing stem cell and embryonic development knowledge in mouse and human integrated stem cell-based embryo models.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Role of spindle assembly checkpoint proteins in gametogenesis and embryogenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- The effect of vitrification on blastocyst mitochondrial DNA dynamics and gene expression profiles.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Apico-basal polarization of cells within the embryo is critical for the segregation of distinct lineages during mammalian development. Polarized cells become the trophectoderm (TE), which forms the placenta, and apolar cells become the inner cell mass (ICM), the founding population of the fetus. The cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to polarization of the human embryo and its timing during embryogenesis have remained unknown. Here, we show that human embryo polarization occurs in two steps: it begins with the apical enrichment of F-actin and is followed by the apical accumulation of the PAR complex. This two-step polarization process leads to the formation of an apical domain at the 8-16 cell stage. Using RNA interference, we show that apical domain formation requires Phospholipase C (PLC) signaling, specifically the enzymes PLCB1 and PLCE1, from the eight-cell stage onwards. Finally, we show that although expression of the critical TE differentiation marker GATA3 can be initiated independently of embryo polarization, downregulation of PLCB1 and PLCE1 decreases GATA3 expression through a reduction in the number of polarized cells. Therefore, apical domain formation reinforces a TE fate. The results we present here demonstrate how polarization is triggered to regulate the first lineage segregation in human embryos.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.